Resolve constructors declared in traits and objects

It prevents exceptions and produces less red code

 #EA-68667 Fixed

compiler/backend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/codegen/ImplementationBodyCodegen.java

@@ -1067,6 +1067,8 @@ public class ImplementationBodyCodegen extends ClassBodyCodegen {
     }
 
     private void generateSecondaryConstructor(@NotNull ConstructorDescriptor constructorDescriptor) {
+        if (!canHaveDeclaredConstructors(descriptor)) return;
+
         ConstructorContext constructorContext = context.intoConstructor(constructorDescriptor);
 
         functionCodegen.generateMethod(OtherOrigin(descriptorToDeclaration(constructorDescriptor), constructorDescriptor),

compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/BodyResolver.java

@@ -371,6 +371,7 @@ public class BodyResolver {
                 }
                 if (descriptor.getKind() != ClassKind.INTERFACE &&
                     descriptor.getUnsubstitutedPrimaryConstructor() != null &&
+                    superClass.getKind() != ClassKind.INTERFACE &&
                     !superClass.getConstructors().isEmpty() &&
                     !ErrorUtils.isError(superClass)
                 ) {
@@ -500,8 +501,7 @@ public class BodyResolver {
 
     private void resolvePrimaryConstructorParameters(@NotNull BodiesResolveContext c) {
         for (Map.Entry<JetClassOrObject, ClassDescriptorWithResolutionScopes> entry : c.getDeclaredClasses().entrySet()) {
-            if (!(entry.getKey() instanceof JetClass)) continue;
-            JetClass klass = (JetClass) entry.getKey();
+            JetClassOrObject klass = entry.getKey();
             ClassDescriptorWithResolutionScopes classDescriptor = entry.getValue();
             ConstructorDescriptor unsubstitutedPrimaryConstructor = classDescriptor.getUnsubstitutedPrimaryConstructor();
 

compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/DeclarationsChecker.java

@@ -87,6 +87,8 @@ public class DeclarationsChecker {
                 checkObject((JetObjectDeclaration) classOrObject, classDescriptor);
             }
 
+            checkPrimaryConstructor(classOrObject, classDescriptor);
+
             modifiersChecker.checkModifiersForDeclaration(classOrObject, classDescriptor);
         }
 
@@ -244,7 +246,6 @@ public class DeclarationsChecker {
     private void checkClass(BodiesResolveContext c, JetClass aClass, ClassDescriptorWithResolutionScopes classDescriptor) {
         AnnotationResolver.reportDeprecatedAnnotationSyntax(aClass.getAnnotations(), trace);
         checkOpenMembers(classDescriptor);
-        checkPrimaryConstructor(aClass, classDescriptor);
         checkTypeParameters(aClass);
 
         if (aClass.isInterface()) {
@@ -271,9 +272,9 @@ public class DeclarationsChecker {
         }
     }
 
-    private void checkPrimaryConstructor(JetClass aClass, ClassDescriptor classDescriptor) {
+    private void checkPrimaryConstructor(JetClassOrObject classOrObject, ClassDescriptor classDescriptor) {
         ConstructorDescriptor primaryConstructor = classDescriptor.getUnsubstitutedPrimaryConstructor();
-        JetPrimaryConstructor declaration = aClass.getPrimaryConstructor();
+        JetPrimaryConstructor declaration = classOrObject.getPrimaryConstructor();
         if (primaryConstructor == null || declaration == null) return;
 
         for (JetParameter parameter : declaration.getValueParameters()) {
@@ -287,6 +288,10 @@ public class DeclarationsChecker {
             trace.report(MISSING_CONSTRUCTOR_KEYWORD.on(declaration.getModifierList()));
         }
 
+        if (!(classOrObject instanceof JetClass)) {
+            trace.report(CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT.on(declaration));
+        }
+
         checkConstructorDeclaration(primaryConstructor, declaration);
     }
 

compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/FunctionDescriptorResolver.kt

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ class FunctionDescriptorResolver(
     public fun resolvePrimaryConstructorDescriptor(
             scope: JetScope,
             classDescriptor: ClassDescriptor,
-            classElement: JetClass,
+            classElement: JetClassOrObject,
             trace: BindingTrace
     ): ConstructorDescriptorImpl? {
         if (classDescriptor.getKind() == ClassKind.ENUM_ENTRY || !classElement.hasPrimaryConstructor()) return null

compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/LazyTopDownAnalyzer.kt

@@ -199,10 +199,6 @@ public class LazyTopDownAnalyzer {
                 }
 
                 override fun visitSecondaryConstructor(constructor: JetSecondaryConstructor) {
-                    val classDescriptor = lazyDeclarationResolver!!.resolveToDescriptor(constructor.getClassOrObject()) as ClassDescriptor
-                    if (!DescriptorUtils.canHaveSecondaryConstructors(classDescriptor)) {
-                        return
-                    }
                     c.getSecondaryConstructors().put(constructor, lazyDeclarationResolver!!.resolveToDescriptor(constructor) as ConstructorDescriptor)
                     registerScope(c, constructor)
                 }

compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/calls/CallResolver.java

@@ -349,9 +349,12 @@ public class CallResolver {
         Collection<ConstructorDescriptor> constructors = delegateClassDescriptor.getConstructors();
 
         if (!isThisCall && currentClassDescriptor.getUnsubstitutedPrimaryConstructor() != null) {
-            context.trace.report(PRIMARY_CONSTRUCTOR_DELEGATION_CALL_EXPECTED.on(
-                    (JetConstructorDelegationCall) calleeExpression.getParent()
-            ));
+            if (DescriptorUtils.canHaveDeclaredConstructors(currentClassDescriptor)) {
+                // Diagnostic is meaningless when reporting on interfaces and object
+                context.trace.report(PRIMARY_CONSTRUCTOR_DELEGATION_CALL_EXPECTED.on(
+                        (JetConstructorDelegationCall) calleeExpression.getParent()
+                ));
+            }
             if (call.isImplicit()) return OverloadResolutionResultsImpl.nameNotFound();
         }
 

compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/lazy/descriptors/LazyClassMemberScope.kt

@@ -275,15 +275,12 @@ public open class LazyClassMemberScope(
 
     protected open fun resolvePrimaryConstructor(): ConstructorDescriptor? {
         val ownerInfo = declarationProvider.getOwnerInfo()
-        val classOrObject = ownerInfo.getCorrespondingClassOrObject()
-        if (!thisDescriptor.getKind().isSingleton() && !classOrObject.isObjectLiteral()) {
-            assert(classOrObject is JetClass) { "No JetClass for $thisDescriptor" }
-            classOrObject as JetClass
+        val classOrObject = ownerInfo.getCorrespondingClassOrObject() ?: return null
 
-            if (DescriptorUtils.isTrait(thisDescriptor) && declarationProvider.getOwnerInfo().getPrimaryConstructorParameters().isEmpty()) {
-                return null
-            }
+        val hasPrimaryConstructor = classOrObject.hasExplicitPrimaryConstructor()
+        if (DescriptorUtils.isTrait(thisDescriptor) && !hasPrimaryConstructor) return null
 
+        if (DescriptorUtils.canHaveDeclaredConstructors(thisDescriptor) || hasPrimaryConstructor) {
             val constructor = c.functionDescriptorResolver.resolvePrimaryConstructorDescriptor(
                     thisDescriptor.getScopeForClassHeaderResolution(), thisDescriptor, classOrObject, trace)
             constructor ?: return null
@@ -298,10 +295,7 @@ public open class LazyClassMemberScope(
     }
 
     private fun resolveSecondaryConstructors(): Collection<ConstructorDescriptor> {
-        val classOrObject = declarationProvider.getOwnerInfo().getCorrespondingClassOrObject()
-        if (!DescriptorUtils.canHaveSecondaryConstructors(thisDescriptor)) return emptyList()
-        // Script classes have usual class descriptors but do not have conventional class body
-        if (classOrObject !is JetClass) return emptyList()
+        val classOrObject = declarationProvider.getOwnerInfo().getCorrespondingClassOrObject() ?: return emptyList()
 
         return classOrObject.getSecondaryConstructors().map { constructor ->
             val descriptor = c.functionDescriptorResolver.resolveSecondaryConstructorDescriptor(

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/ObjectWithConstructor.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+object A1<!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>()<!> {
+    <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>constructor(x: Int = <!TYPE_MISMATCH!>""<!>, y: Int)<!> : this() {
+        x + y
+    }
+}
+
+object A2 public <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>constructor(private val prop: Int)<!> {
+    <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>constructor(x: Int = <!TYPE_MISMATCH!>""<!>, y: Int)<!> : this(x * y) {
+        x + y
+    }
+}
+
+val x = object <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>(val prop: Int)<!> {
+    <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>constructor()<!> : this(1) {
+        val x = 1
+        x * x
+    }
+}
+
+class A3 {
+    companion object B<!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>(val prop: Int)<!> {
+        <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_OBJECT!>public constructor()<!> : this(2)
+    }
+}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/ObjectWithConstructor.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package
+
+internal val x: kotlin.Any
+
+internal object A1 {
+    private constructor A1()
+    private constructor A1(/*0*/ x: kotlin.Int = ..., /*1*/ y: kotlin.Int)
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+internal object A2 {
+    public constructor A2(/*0*/ prop: kotlin.Int)
+    private constructor A2(/*0*/ x: kotlin.Int = ..., /*1*/ y: kotlin.Int)
+    private final val prop: kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+internal final class A3 {
+    public constructor A3()
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+
+    internal companion object B {
+        public constructor B()
+        private constructor B(/*0*/ prop: kotlin.Int)
+        internal final val prop: kotlin.Int
+        public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+        public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+        public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+    }
+}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/SupertypeListChecks.txt

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ internal interface T2</*0*/ T> {
 }
 
 internal interface Test {
+    public constructor Test()
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/TraitWithConstructor.kt

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
+// !DIAGNOSTICS: -MISSING_CONSTRUCTOR_KEYWORD
+
 class C(val a: String) {}
 
 interface T1<!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_TRAIT!>(val x: String)<!> {}
 
-interface T2<!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_TRAIT!>()<!> {}
+interface T2 <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_TRAIT!>constructor()<!> {}
 
 interface T3 private <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_TRAIT!>constructor(<!UNUSED_PARAMETER!>a<!>: Int)<!> {}
 
 interface T4 {
-    <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_TRAIT!>constructor(a: <!DEBUG_INFO_MISSING_UNRESOLVED!>Int<!>)<!> {
-        val b: <!DEBUG_INFO_MISSING_UNRESOLVED!>Int<!> = 1
+    <!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_TRAIT!>constructor(<!UNUSED_PARAMETER!>a<!>: Int)<!> {
+        val <!UNUSED_VARIABLE!>b<!>: Int = 1
     }
 }
 

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/TraitWithConstructor.txt

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ internal interface T1 {
 }
 
 internal interface T2 {
+    public constructor T2()
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
@@ -30,18 +31,21 @@ internal interface T3 {
 }
 
 internal interface T4 {
+    public constructor T4(/*0*/ a: kotlin.Int)
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
 }
 
 internal interface T5 : T4 {
+    private constructor T5()
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
 }
 
 internal interface T6 : T5 {
+    private constructor T6()
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/secondaryConstructors/constructorInObject.txt

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package
 internal val anonObject: kotlin.Any
 
 internal object A {
+    private constructor A()
     private constructor A()
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ internal object A {
 
 internal final enum class B : kotlin.Enum<B> {
     public enum entry X : B {
+        private constructor X()
         private constructor X()
         public final override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun compareTo(/*0*/ other: B): kotlin.Int
         public final override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ internal final class C {
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
 
     internal companion object Companion {
+        private constructor Companion()
         private constructor Companion()
         public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
         public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/secondaryConstructors/constructorInTrait.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package
 
 internal interface A {
+    public constructor A()
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/traitWithRequired/traitSupertypeList.kt

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ interface Foo<!CONSTRUCTOR_IN_TRAIT!>()<!> : <!TRAIT_WITH_SUPERCLASS!>bar<!><!SU
 interface Foo2 : <!TRAIT_WITH_SUPERCLASS!>bar<!>, Foo {
 }
 
-open class Foo1() : bar(), <!SUPERTYPE_NOT_INITIALIZED, MANY_CLASSES_IN_SUPERTYPE_LIST, SUPERTYPE_APPEARS_TWICE!>bar<!>, Foo, <!SUPERTYPE_APPEARS_TWICE!>Foo<!><!NO_CONSTRUCTOR!>()<!> {}
+open class Foo1() : bar(), <!SUPERTYPE_NOT_INITIALIZED, MANY_CLASSES_IN_SUPERTYPE_LIST, SUPERTYPE_APPEARS_TWICE!>bar<!>, Foo, <!SUPERTYPE_APPEARS_TWICE!>Foo<!>() {}
 open class Foo12 : bar(), <!SUPERTYPE_NOT_INITIALIZED, MANY_CLASSES_IN_SUPERTYPE_LIST, SUPERTYPE_APPEARS_TWICE!>bar<!> {}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/traitWithRequired/traitSupertypeList.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package
 
 internal interface Foo : bar, bar, bar {
+    public constructor Foo()
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
     public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String

compiler/testData/renderer/ObjectWithConstructor.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+object A1() {
+    constructor(x: Int = "", y: Int) : this() {
+        x + y
+    }
+}
+
+object A2 public constructor(private val prop: Int) {
+    constructor(x: Int = "", y: Int) : this(x * y) {
+        x + y
+    }
+}
+
+class A3 {
+    companion object B(val prop: Int) {
+        public constructor() : this(2)
+    }
+}
+
+//internal object A1 defined in root package
+//private constructor A1() defined in A1
+//private constructor A1(x: kotlin.Int = ..., y: kotlin.Int) defined in A1
+//value-parameter val x: kotlin.Int = ... defined in A1.<init>
+//value-parameter val y: kotlin.Int defined in A1.<init>
+//internal object A2 defined in root package
+//public constructor A2(prop: kotlin.Int) defined in A2
+//value-parameter val prop: kotlin.Int defined in A2.<init>
+//private constructor A2(x: kotlin.Int = ..., y: kotlin.Int) defined in A2
+//value-parameter val x: kotlin.Int = ... defined in A2.<init>
+//value-parameter val y: kotlin.Int defined in A2.<init>
+//internal final class A3 defined in root package
+//public constructor A3() defined in A3
+//internal companion object defined in A3
+//private constructor B(prop: kotlin.Int) defined in A3.B
+//value-parameter val prop: kotlin.Int defined in A3.B.<init>
+//public constructor B() defined in A3.B

compiler/testData/renderer/TraitWithConstructor.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+trait A1() {
+    constructor(x: Int = "", y: Int) : this() {
+        x + y
+    }
+}
+
+trait A2 private constructor(private val prop: Int) {
+    constructor(x: Int = "", y: Int) : this(x * y) {
+        x + y
+    }
+}
+
+//internal interface A1 defined in root package
+//public constructor A1() defined in A1
+//public constructor A1(x: kotlin.Int = ..., y: kotlin.Int) defined in A1
+//value-parameter val x: kotlin.Int = ... defined in A1.<init>
+//value-parameter val y: kotlin.Int defined in A1.<init>
+//internal interface A2 defined in root package
+//private constructor A2(prop: kotlin.Int) defined in A2
+//value-parameter val prop: kotlin.Int defined in A2.<init>
+//public constructor A2(x: kotlin.Int = ..., y: kotlin.Int) defined in A2
+//value-parameter val x: kotlin.Int = ... defined in A2.<init>
+//value-parameter val y: kotlin.Int defined in A2.<init>

compiler/tests/org/jetbrains/kotlin/checkers/JetDiagnosticsTestGenerated.java

@@ -325,6 +325,12 @@ public class JetDiagnosticsTestGenerated extends AbstractJetDiagnosticsTest {
             doTest(fileName);
         }
 
+        @TestMetadata("ObjectWithConstructor.kt")
+        public void testObjectWithConstructor() throws Exception {
+            String fileName = JetTestUtils.navigationMetadata("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/ObjectWithConstructor.kt");
+            doTest(fileName);
+        }
+
         @TestMetadata("OverrideFunctionWithParamDefaultValue.kt")
         public void testOverrideFunctionWithParamDefaultValue() throws Exception {
             String fileName = JetTestUtils.navigationMetadata("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/OverrideFunctionWithParamDefaultValue.kt");

compiler/tests/org/jetbrains/kotlin/renderer/AbstractDescriptorRendererTest.kt

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDescriptorRendererTest : KotlinTestWithEnvironment
                 descriptors.add(descriptor)
                 if (descriptor is ClassDescriptor) {
                     // if class has primary constructor then we visit it later, otherwise add it artificially
-                    if (element !is JetClass || !element.hasExplicitPrimaryConstructor()) {
+                    if (element !is JetClassOrObject || !element.hasExplicitPrimaryConstructor()) {
                         if (descriptor.getUnsubstitutedPrimaryConstructor() != null) {
                             descriptors.add(descriptor.getUnsubstitutedPrimaryConstructor())
                         }

compiler/tests/org/jetbrains/kotlin/renderer/DescriptorRendererTestGenerated.java

@@ -89,12 +89,24 @@ public class DescriptorRendererTestGenerated extends AbstractDescriptorRendererT
         doTest(fileName);
     }
 
+    @TestMetadata("ObjectWithConstructor.kt")
+    public void testObjectWithConstructor() throws Exception {
+        String fileName = JetTestUtils.navigationMetadata("compiler/testData/renderer/ObjectWithConstructor.kt");
+        doTest(fileName);
+    }
+
     @TestMetadata("StarProjection.kt")
     public void testStarProjection() throws Exception {
         String fileName = JetTestUtils.navigationMetadata("compiler/testData/renderer/StarProjection.kt");
         doTest(fileName);
     }
 
+    @TestMetadata("TraitWithConstructor.kt")
+    public void testTraitWithConstructor() throws Exception {
+        String fileName = JetTestUtils.navigationMetadata("compiler/testData/renderer/TraitWithConstructor.kt");
+        doTest(fileName);
+    }
+
     @TestMetadata("UnitType.kt")
     public void testUnitType() throws Exception {
         String fileName = JetTestUtils.navigationMetadata("compiler/testData/renderer/UnitType.kt");

core/descriptors/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/DescriptorUtils.java

@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ public class DescriptorUtils {
         return classDescriptor.getKind().isSingleton() || isAnonymousObject(classDescriptor);
     }
 
-    public static boolean canHaveSecondaryConstructors(@NotNull ClassDescriptor classDescriptor) {
+    public static boolean canHaveDeclaredConstructors(@NotNull ClassDescriptor classDescriptor) {
         return !isSingletonOrAnonymousObject(classDescriptor) && !isTrait(classDescriptor);
     }
 

idea/testData/checker/TraitSupertypeList.kt

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ interface Foo<error>()</error> : <warning>bar</warning><error>()</error>, <error
 interface Foo2 : <warning>bar</warning>, Foo {
 }
 
-open class Foo1() : bar(), <error>bar</error>, Foo, <error>Foo</error><error>()</error> {}
+open class Foo1() : bar(), <error>bar</error>, Foo, <error>Foo</error>() {}
 open class Foo12 : bar(), <error>bar</error> {}