[JS IR BE] Fix Throwable ancestor transformation

Make sure that `message` and `cause` are properly configured

 - synchronize IR BE and Legacy behaviour
 - fix corresponding IR lowering
 - fix JS IR core runtime
 - add test
 - fix KT-39964

js/js.tests/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/js/test/es6/semantics/IrBoxJsES6TestGenerated.java

@@ -7675,6 +7675,11 @@ public class IrBoxJsES6TestGenerated extends AbstractIrBoxJsES6Test {
         public void testStringPlus() throws Exception {
             runTest("js/js.translator/testData/box/standardClasses/stringPlus.kt");
         }
+
+        @TestMetadata("throwableCtor.kt")
+        public void testThrowableCtor() throws Exception {
+            runTest("js/js.translator/testData/box/standardClasses/throwableCtor.kt");
+        }
     }
 
     @TestMetadata("js/js.translator/testData/box/superCall")

js/js.tests/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/js/test/ir/semantics/IrBoxJsTestGenerated.java

@@ -7675,6 +7675,11 @@ public class IrBoxJsTestGenerated extends AbstractIrBoxJsTest {
         public void testStringPlus() throws Exception {
             runTest("js/js.translator/testData/box/standardClasses/stringPlus.kt");
         }
+
+        @TestMetadata("throwableCtor.kt")
+        public void testThrowableCtor() throws Exception {
+            runTest("js/js.translator/testData/box/standardClasses/throwableCtor.kt");
+        }
     }
 
     @TestMetadata("js/js.translator/testData/box/superCall")

js/js.tests/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/js/test/semantics/BoxJsTestGenerated.java

@@ -7705,6 +7705,11 @@ public class BoxJsTestGenerated extends AbstractBoxJsTest {
         public void testStringPlus() throws Exception {
             runTest("js/js.translator/testData/box/standardClasses/stringPlus.kt");
         }
+
+        @TestMetadata("throwableCtor.kt")
+        public void testThrowableCtor() throws Exception {
+            runTest("js/js.translator/testData/box/standardClasses/throwableCtor.kt");
+        }
     }
 
     @TestMetadata("js/js.translator/testData/box/superCall")

js/js.translator/testData/box/standardClasses/throwableCtor.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// EXPECTED_REACHABLE_NODES: 1237
+
+// KT-39964
+
+
+fun box(): String {
+    val e = Throwable(null, IllegalStateException("fail"))
+    if (e.message != null) return "FAIL"
+    return "OK"
+}