[FIR] Implement deprecation warning for synthetic without java base getter

Also implement new resolution behavior under language feature

^KT-63076 Fixed
^KT-64358

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/j+k/properties/syntheticPropertyThroughJava.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// ISSUE: KT-59550
+// FILE: Base.kt
+abstract class Base(private val foo: String) {
+    fun getFoo(): String = foo
+}
+
+// FILE: Intermediate.java
+public class Intermediate extends Base {
+    public Intermediate(String foo) {
+        super(foo);
+    }
+}
+
+// FILE: main.kt
+class Final(val i: Intermediate) : Intermediate(i.foo)
+
+fun test(x: Final) {
+    x.foo
+}