diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/BaseJvmAbiTest.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/BaseJvmAbiTest.kt
index e0650a0dabc..e24b28ec674 100644
--- a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/BaseJvmAbiTest.kt
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/BaseJvmAbiTest.kt
@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@
 
 package org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm.abi
 
+import com.intellij.openapi.util.io.FileUtil
 import junit.framework.TestCase
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.cli.common.ExitCode
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.cli.jvm.K2JVMCompiler
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.codegen.CodegenTestUtil
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.codegen.forTestCompile.ForTestCompileRuntime
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.config.Services
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.test.KotlinTestUtils
 import java.io.File
 import kotlin.io.path.ExperimentalPathApi
 import kotlin.io.path.createTempDirectory
@@ -45,6 +49,9 @@ abstract class BaseJvmAbiTest : TestCase() {
         val abiDir: File
             get() = if (name == null) workingDir.resolve("abi") else workingDir.resolve("$name/abi")
 
+        val javaDestinationDir: File
+            get() = if (name == null) workingDir.resolve("javaOut") else workingDir.resolve("$name/javaOut")
+
         override fun toString(): String =
             "compilation '$name'"
     }
@@ -76,6 +83,23 @@ abstract class BaseJvmAbiTest : TestCase() {
             val errorLines = listOf("Could not compile $compilation", "Exit code: $exitCode", "Errors:") + messageCollector.errors
             error(errorLines.joinToString("\n"))
         }
+
+        // Compile Java files into both the destination and ABI directories in order make the
+        // results available to run and to downstream compilations.
+        val javaFiles = CodegenTestUtil.findJavaSourcesInDirectory(compilation.srcDir).map(::File)
+        if (javaFiles.isNotEmpty()) {
+            compilation.javaDestinationDir.mkdirs()
+            val javacOptions = listOf(
+                "-classpath",
+                (abiDependencies + compilation.destinationDir).joinToString(File.pathSeparator) { it.canonicalPath }
+                        + File.pathSeparator + ForTestCompileRuntime.runtimeJarForTests(),
+                "-d",
+                compilation.javaDestinationDir.canonicalPath
+            )
+            KotlinTestUtils.compileJavaFiles(javaFiles, javacOptions)
+            FileUtil.copyDir(compilation.javaDestinationDir, compilation.destinationDir)
+            FileUtil.copyDir(compilation.javaDestinationDir, compilation.abiDir)
+        }
     }
 
     protected open val useIrBackend: Boolean
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/CompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/CompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
index 62aa24a38a4..42d210c04b7 100644
--- a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/CompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/CompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
@@ -80,6 +80,26 @@ public class CompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated extends AbstractCompileAgainstJvm
         runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/kt-40340/");
     }
 
+    @TestMetadata("privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp")
+    public void testPrivateAnnotationsFromJavaApp() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib")
+    public void testPrivateAnnotationsFromJavaLib() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateClassesFromJavaApp")
+    public void testPrivateClassesFromJavaApp() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateClassesFromJavaLib")
+    public void testPrivateClassesFromJavaLib() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/");
+    }
+
     @TestMetadata("privateOnlyConstructors")
     public void testPrivateOnlyConstructors() throws Exception {
         runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateOnlyConstructors/");
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/IrCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/IrCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
index 56ee94720d0..8645c7cc996 100644
--- a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/IrCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/IrCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
@@ -80,6 +80,26 @@ public class IrCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated extends AbstractIrCompileAgains
         runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/kt-40340/");
     }
 
+    @TestMetadata("privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp")
+    public void testPrivateAnnotationsFromJavaApp() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib")
+    public void testPrivateAnnotationsFromJavaLib() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateClassesFromJavaApp")
+    public void testPrivateClassesFromJavaApp() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateClassesFromJavaLib")
+    public void testPrivateClassesFromJavaLib() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/");
+    }
+
     @TestMetadata("privateOnlyConstructors")
     public void testPrivateOnlyConstructors() throws Exception {
         runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateOnlyConstructors/");
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/LegacyCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/LegacyCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
index a503d2e6af7..2abd2b3fb86 100644
--- a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/LegacyCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/test/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/abi/LegacyCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated.java
@@ -80,6 +80,26 @@ public class LegacyCompileAgainstJvmAbiTestGenerated extends AbstractLegacyCompi
         runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/kt-40340/");
     }
 
+    @TestMetadata("privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp")
+    public void testPrivateAnnotationsFromJavaApp() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib")
+    public void testPrivateAnnotationsFromJavaLib() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateClassesFromJavaApp")
+    public void testPrivateClassesFromJavaApp() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/");
+    }
+
+    @TestMetadata("privateClassesFromJavaLib")
+    public void testPrivateClassesFromJavaLib() throws Exception {
+        runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/");
+    }
+
     @TestMetadata("privateOnlyConstructors")
     public void testPrivateOnlyConstructors() throws Exception {
         runTest("plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateOnlyConstructors/");
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/app/app.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/app/app.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d7e5cfabcf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/app/app.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package app
+
+import lib.J
+
+fun runAppAndReturnOk(): String {
+    return J.value()
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/app/lib/J.java b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/app/lib/J.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..41e9cd471f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/app/lib/J.java
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package lib;
+
+@A(value = "OK")
+public class J {
+    public static String value() {
+        return J.class.getAnnotation(A.class).value();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/lib/lib.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/lib/lib.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ee1ea72d4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaApp/lib/lib.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package lib
+
+@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
+private annotation class A(val value: String)
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/app/app.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/app/app.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a4a32c6f854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/app/app.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package app
+
+import lib.J
+
+fun runAppAndReturnOk(): String {
+    return if (J::class.java.annotations.size == 1) "OK" else "Fail"
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/lib/J.java b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/lib/J.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4557d84715d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/lib/J.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package lib;
+
+@A
+public class J {}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/lib/lib.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/lib/lib.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..46d67000445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateAnnotationsFromJavaLib/lib/lib.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package lib
+
+@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
+private annotation class A
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/app/app.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/app/app.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7ccb470685d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/app/app.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package app
+
+import lib.J
+
+fun runAppAndReturnOk(): String {
+    return J.result()
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/app/lib/J.java b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/app/lib/J.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdc40f0b864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/app/lib/J.java
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package lib;
+
+public class J {
+    public static String result() {
+        return new A().result();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/lib/lib.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/lib/lib.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..747fbab0a25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaApp/lib/lib.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package lib
+
+private class A {
+    fun result() = "OK"
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/app/app.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/app/app.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7ccb470685d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/app/app.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package app
+
+import lib.J
+
+fun runAppAndReturnOk(): String {
+    return J.result()
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/lib/J.java b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/lib/J.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdc40f0b864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/lib/J.java
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package lib;
+
+public class J {
+    public static String result() {
+        return new A().result();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/lib/lib.kt b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/lib/lib.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..747fbab0a25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/jvm-abi-gen/testData/compile/privateClassesFromJavaLib/lib/lib.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package lib
+
+private class A {
+    fun result() = "OK"
+}