diff --git a/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/Errors.java b/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/Errors.java
index 91e2e995a5b..64a818f9211 100644
--- a/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/Errors.java
+++ b/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/Errors.java
@@ -633,6 +633,7 @@ public interface Errors {
 
     DiagnosticFactory0<PsiElement> OPTIONAL_EXPECTATION_NOT_ON_EXPECTED = DiagnosticFactory0.create(ERROR);
     DiagnosticFactory0<PsiElement> OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_OUTSIDE_OF_ANNOTATION_ENTRY = DiagnosticFactory0.create(ERROR);
+    DiagnosticFactory0<PsiElement> OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_USAGE_IN_NON_COMMON_SOURCE = DiagnosticFactory0.create(ERROR);
 
     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
diff --git a/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/rendering/DefaultErrorMessages.java b/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/rendering/DefaultErrorMessages.java
index f76d09e2558..d5b245031db 100644
--- a/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/rendering/DefaultErrorMessages.java
+++ b/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/diagnostics/rendering/DefaultErrorMessages.java
@@ -289,6 +289,7 @@ public class DefaultErrorMessages {
 
         MAP.put(OPTIONAL_EXPECTATION_NOT_ON_EXPECTED, "'@OptionalExpectation' can only be used on an expected annotation class");
         MAP.put(OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_OUTSIDE_OF_ANNOTATION_ENTRY, "Declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used inside an annotation entry");
+        MAP.put(OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_USAGE_IN_NON_COMMON_SOURCE, "Declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used in common module sources");
 
         MAP.put(PROJECTION_ON_NON_CLASS_TYPE_ARGUMENT, "Projections are not allowed on type arguments of functions and properties");
         MAP.put(SUPERTYPE_NOT_INITIALIZED, "This type has a constructor, and thus must be initialized here");
diff --git a/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/checkers/OptionalExpectationUsageChecker.kt b/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/checkers/OptionalExpectationUsageChecker.kt
index a66d05ef054..496ac9e6920 100644
--- a/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/checkers/OptionalExpectationUsageChecker.kt
+++ b/compiler/frontend/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/checkers/OptionalExpectationUsageChecker.kt
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ package org.jetbrains.kotlin.resolve.checkers
 import com.intellij.psi.PsiElement
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.descriptors.ClassifierDescriptor
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.diagnostics.Errors
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.psi.KtFile
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.resolve.multiplatform.isCommonSource
 
 class OptionalExpectationUsageChecker : ClassifierUsageChecker {
     override fun check(targetDescriptor: ClassifierDescriptor, element: PsiElement, context: ClassifierUsageCheckerContext) {
@@ -16,5 +18,10 @@ class OptionalExpectationUsageChecker : ClassifierUsageChecker {
         if (!element.isUsageAsAnnotationOrImport()) {
             context.trace.report(Errors.OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_OUTSIDE_OF_ANNOTATION_ENTRY.on(element))
         }
+
+        val ktFile = element.containingFile as KtFile
+        if (ktFile.isCommonSource != true) {
+            context.trace.report(Errors.OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_USAGE_IN_NON_COMMON_SOURCE.on(element))
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt b/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt
index 987c870650b..847b399bbc2 100644
--- a/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt
+++ b/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ actual annotation class A(actual val x: Int)
 // MODULE: main(library)
 // FILE: main.kt
 
+@file:Suppress("OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_USAGE_IN_NON_COMMON_SOURCE") // TODO: support common sources in the test infrastructure
+
 package usage
 
 import a.A
diff --git a/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectationJvm.kt b/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectationJvm.kt
index f707f4a305d..2af96ee5bfe 100644
--- a/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectationJvm.kt
+++ b/compiler/testData/codegen/box/multiplatform/optionalExpectationJvm.kt
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ expect annotation class Anno(val s: String)
 
 // FILE: jvm.kt
 
+@file:Suppress("OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_USAGE_IN_NON_COMMON_SOURCE") // TODO: support common sources in the test infrastructure
+
 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement
 
 @Anno("Foo")
diff --git a/compiler/testData/codegen/bytecodeListing/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt b/compiler/testData/codegen/bytecodeListing/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt
index 0466f86963e..29914cf6efd 100644
--- a/compiler/testData/codegen/bytecodeListing/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt
+++ b/compiler/testData/codegen/bytecodeListing/multiplatform/optionalExpectation.kt
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 // TARGET_BACKEND: JVM
 // WITH_RUNTIME
 
+@file:Suppress("OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_USAGE_IN_NON_COMMON_SOURCE") // TODO: support common sources in the test infrastructure
+
 @OptionalExpectation
 expect annotation class Anno(val s: String)
 
diff --git a/compiler/testData/compileKotlinAgainstKotlin/optionalAnnotation.kt b/compiler/testData/compileKotlinAgainstKotlin/optionalAnnotation.kt
index 208bf99ef02..96882b0a575 100644
--- a/compiler/testData/compileKotlinAgainstKotlin/optionalAnnotation.kt
+++ b/compiler/testData/compileKotlinAgainstKotlin/optionalAnnotation.kt
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ expect annotation class B(val s: String)
 actual annotation class A(actual val x: Int)
 
 // FILE: B.kt
+
+@file:Suppress("OPTIONAL_DECLARATION_USAGE_IN_NON_COMMON_SOURCE") // TODO: support common sources in the test infrastructure
+
 import a.A
 import a.B
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier
diff --git a/compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/output.txt b/compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/output.txt
index 4ea3cd7dd9d..ae14699df26 100644
--- a/compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/output.txt
+++ b/compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/output.txt
@@ -39,11 +39,20 @@ compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/common.kt:19:20:
 @InOtherAnnotation(A())
                    ^
 compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/jvm.kt:1:24: error: declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used inside an annotation entry
+fun useInReturnType(): A? = null
+                       ^
+compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/jvm.kt:1:24: error: declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used in common module sources
 fun useInReturnType(): A? = null
                        ^
 compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/jvm.kt:3:43: error: declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used inside an annotation entry
+annotation class AnotherAnnotation(val a: A)
+                                          ^
+compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/jvm.kt:3:43: error: declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used in common module sources
 annotation class AnotherAnnotation(val a: A)
                                           ^
 compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/jvm.kt:5:20: error: declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used inside an annotation entry
 @AnotherAnnotation(A())
                    ^
+compiler/testData/multiplatform/optionalExpectationIncorrectUse/jvm.kt:5:20: error: declaration annotated with '@OptionalExpectation' can only be used in common module sources
+@AnotherAnnotation(A())
+                   ^