[FIR] add missed diagnostics for incomplete code

^KT-55053

analysis/low-level-api-fir/testdata/getOrBuildFir/invalidCode/delegatedProperty.kt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<expr>val p: String by</expr>

analysis/low-level-api-fir/testdata/getOrBuildFir/invalidCode/delegatedProperty.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+KT element: KtProperty
+FIR element: FirPropertyImpl
+FIR source kind: KtRealSourceElementKind
+
+FIR element rendered:
+public final val p: R|kotlin/String|by ERROR_EXPR(Should have delegate)
+    public get(): R|kotlin/String| {
+        ^ D|/p|.<Unresolved name: getValue>#(Null(null), ::R|/p|)
+    }