JVM KT-47851 fix redundant checkcast elimination

compiler/testData/codegen/box/checkcastOptimization/kt47851.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// IGNORE_BACKEND_FIR: JVM_IR
+// FIR status: result.getMethod OK in FE1.0, unresolved in FIR
+
+class C(val value: String) {
+    fun getField() = value
+    fun getMethod() {}
+}
+
+fun foo(): Any {
+    var result: Any = ""
+    result = C("OK")
+    try {
+        result = result.getField()
+    } catch (e: Exception) {
+        result.getMethod()
+    }
+    return result
+}
+
+
+fun box() = foo().toString()