diff --git a/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirCombinedJavaSymbolProvider.kt b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirCombinedJavaSymbolProvider.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a43d33e2840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirCombinedJavaSymbolProvider.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2010-2023 JetBrains s.r.o. and Kotlin Programming Language contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+package org.jetbrains.kotlin.analysis.low.level.api.fir.providers
+
+import com.intellij.openapi.project.Project
+import com.intellij.psi.search.GlobalSearchScope
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.analysis.low.level.api.fir.caches.NullableCaffeineCache
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.analysis.low.level.api.fir.project.structure.llFirModuleData
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.analysis.project.structure.KtModule
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.FirSession
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.java.JavaSymbolProvider
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.providers.FirSymbolProvider
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.providers.FirSymbolProviderInternals
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.symbols.impl.*
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.load.java.JavaClassFinder
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.load.java.createJavaClassFinder
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.load.java.structure.impl.JavaClassImpl
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.name.ClassId
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.name.FqName
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.name.Name
+
+/**
+ * [LLFirCombinedJavaSymbolProvider] combines multiple [JavaSymbolProvider]s with the following advantages:
+ *
+ * - For a given class ID, indices can be accessed once to get relevant PSI classes. Then the correct symbol provider(s) to call can be
+ *   found out via the PSI element's [KtModule]s. This avoids the need to call every single subordinate symbol provider.
+ * - A small Caffeine cache can avoid most index accesses, because many names are requested multiple times, with a minor memory footprint.
+ *
+ * [javaClassFinder] must have a scope which combines the scopes of the individual [providers].
+ */
+internal class LLFirCombinedJavaSymbolProvider private constructor(
+    session: FirSession,
+    project: Project,
+    providers: List<JavaSymbolProvider>,
+    private val javaClassFinder: JavaClassFinder,
+) : LLFirSelectingCombinedSymbolProvider<JavaSymbolProvider>(session, project, providers) {
+    /**
+     * The purpose of this cache is to avoid index access for frequently accessed `ClassId`s, including failures. Because Java symbol
+     * providers currently cannot benefit from a "name in package" check (see KTIJ-24642), the cache should also store negative results.
+     */
+    private val classCache: NullableCaffeineCache<ClassId, FirRegularClassSymbol> = NullableCaffeineCache { it.maximumSize(2500) }
+
+    override fun getClassLikeSymbolByClassId(classId: ClassId): FirClassLikeSymbol<*>? =
+        classCache.get(classId) { computeClassLikeSymbolByClassId(it) }
+
+    private fun computeClassLikeSymbolByClassId(classId: ClassId): FirRegularClassSymbol? {
+        val javaClasses = javaClassFinder.findClasses(classId)
+        if (javaClasses.isEmpty()) return null
+
+        val (javaClass, provider) = selectFirstElementInClasspathOrder(javaClasses) { javaClass ->
+            // `JavaClass` doesn't know anything about PSI, but we can be sure that `findClasses` returns a `JavaClassImpl` because it's
+            // using `KotlinJavaPsiFacade`. The alternative to this hack would be to change the interface of either `JavaClass` (yet the
+            // module should hardly depend on PSI), or to have `KotlinJavaPsiFacade` and `JavaClassFinderImpl` return `JavaClassImpl` and to
+            // return `JavaClassFinderImpl` from `createJavaClassFinder`.
+            check(javaClass is JavaClassImpl) { "`findClasses` as used here should return `JavaClassImpl` results." }
+            javaClass.psi
+        } ?: return null
+
+        return provider.getClassLikeSymbolByClassId(classId, javaClass)
+    }
+
+    @FirSymbolProviderInternals
+    override fun getTopLevelCallableSymbolsTo(destination: MutableList<FirCallableSymbol<*>>, packageFqName: FqName, name: Name) {
+    }
+
+    @FirSymbolProviderInternals
+    override fun getTopLevelFunctionSymbolsTo(destination: MutableList<FirNamedFunctionSymbol>, packageFqName: FqName, name: Name) {
+    }
+
+    @FirSymbolProviderInternals
+    override fun getTopLevelPropertySymbolsTo(destination: MutableList<FirPropertySymbol>, packageFqName: FqName, name: Name) {
+    }
+
+    override fun getPackage(fqName: FqName): FqName? = providers.firstNotNullOfOrNull { it.getPackage(fqName) }
+
+    override fun computePackageSetWithTopLevelCallables(): Set<String>? = null
+    override fun knownTopLevelClassifiersInPackage(packageFqName: FqName): Set<String>? = null
+    override fun computeCallableNamesInPackage(packageFqName: FqName): Set<Name>? = null
+
+    companion object {
+        fun merge(session: FirSession, project: Project, providers: List<JavaSymbolProvider>): FirSymbolProvider? =
+            if (providers.size > 1) {
+                val combinedScope = GlobalSearchScope.union(providers.map { it.session.llFirModuleData.ktModule.contentScope })
+                val javaClassFinder = project.createJavaClassFinder(combinedScope)
+                LLFirCombinedJavaSymbolProvider(session, project, providers, javaClassFinder)
+            } else providers.singleOrNull()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirCombinedKotlinSymbolProvider.kt b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirCombinedKotlinSymbolProvider.kt
index d907939c7b3..9bb9938b70e 100644
--- a/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirCombinedKotlinSymbolProvider.kt
+++ b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirCombinedKotlinSymbolProvider.kt
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ internal class LLFirCombinedKotlinSymbolProvider private constructor(
     @OptIn(FirSymbolProviderInternals::class)
     private fun computeClassLikeSymbolByClassId(classId: ClassId): FirClassLikeSymbol<*>? {
         val candidates = declarationProvider.getAllClassesByClassId(classId) + declarationProvider.getAllTypeAliasesByClassId(classId)
-        val (ktClass, provider) = selectFirstElementInClasspathOrder(candidates) ?: return null
+        val (ktClass, provider) = selectFirstElementInClasspathOrder(candidates) { it } ?: return null
         return provider.getClassLikeSymbolByClassId(classId, ktClass)
     }
 
diff --git a/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirSelectingCombinedSymbolProvider.kt b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirSelectingCombinedSymbolProvider.kt
index 4d688697f94..b19807fc1ae 100644
--- a/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirSelectingCombinedSymbolProvider.kt
+++ b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/providers/LLFirSelectingCombinedSymbolProvider.kt
@@ -47,35 +47,39 @@ abstract class LLFirSelectingCombinedSymbolProvider<PROVIDER : FirSymbolProvider
      * should be delegated. This is a post-processing step that preserves classpath order when, for example, an index access with a combined
      * scope isn't guaranteed to return the first element in classpath order.
      */
-    protected fun <ELEMENT : PsiElement> selectFirstElementInClasspathOrder(candidates: Collection<ELEMENT>): Pair<ELEMENT, PROVIDER>? {
+    protected fun <CANDIDATE> selectFirstElementInClasspathOrder(
+        candidates: Collection<CANDIDATE>,
+        getElement: (CANDIDATE) -> PsiElement?,
+    ): Pair<CANDIDATE, PROVIDER>? {
         if (candidates.isEmpty()) return null
 
         // We're using a custom implementation instead of `minBy` so that `ktModule` doesn't need to be fetched twice.
-        var currentElement: ELEMENT? = null
+        var currentCandidate: CANDIDATE? = null
         var currentPrecedence: Int = Int.MAX_VALUE
         var currentKtModule: KtModule? = null
 
         for (candidate in candidates) {
-            val ktModule = projectStructureProvider.getKtModuleForKtElement(candidate)
+            val element = getElement(candidate) ?: continue
+            val ktModule = projectStructureProvider.getKtModuleForKtElement(element)
 
             // If `ktModule` cannot be found in the map, `candidate` cannot be processed by any of the available providers, because none of
             // them belong to the correct module. We can skip in that case, because iterating through all providers wouldn't lead to any
             // results for `candidate`.
             val precedence = modulePrecedenceMap[ktModule] ?: continue
             if (precedence < currentPrecedence) {
-                currentElement = candidate
+                currentCandidate = candidate
                 currentPrecedence = precedence
                 currentKtModule = ktModule
             }
         }
 
-        val element = currentElement ?: return null
-        val ktModule = currentKtModule ?: error("`currentKtModule` must not be `null` when `currentElement` has been found.")
+        val candidate = currentCandidate ?: return null
+        val ktModule = currentKtModule ?: error("`currentKtModule` must not be `null` when `currentCandidate` has been found.")
 
         // The provider will always be found at this point, because `modulePrecedenceMap` contains the same keys as `providersByKtModule`
         // and a precedence for `currentKtModule` must have been found in the previous step.
         val provider = providersByKtModule.getValue(ktModule)
 
-        return Pair(element, provider)
+        return Pair(candidate, provider)
     }
 }
diff --git a/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/sessions/LLFirSessionCache.kt b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/sessions/LLFirSessionCache.kt
index cd913feeeab..b7e19b5bf03 100644
--- a/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/sessions/LLFirSessionCache.kt
+++ b/analysis/low-level-api-fir/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/sessions/LLFirSessionCache.kt
@@ -539,6 +539,7 @@ internal class LLFirSessionCache(private val project: Project) {
     ) {
         SymbolProviderMerger(this, destination).apply {
             merge<LLFirProvider.SymbolProvider> { LLFirCombinedKotlinSymbolProvider.merge(session, project, it) }
+            merge<JavaSymbolProvider> { LLFirCombinedJavaSymbolProvider.merge(session, project, it) }
             merge<FirExtensionSyntheticFunctionInterfaceProvider> { LLFirCombinedSyntheticFunctionSymbolProvider.merge(session, it) }
             finish()
         }
diff --git a/compiler/fir/java/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/java/JavaUtils.kt b/compiler/fir/java/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/java/JavaUtils.kt
index 6c9036786fc..5596f0d5a39 100644
--- a/compiler/fir/java/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/java/JavaUtils.kt
+++ b/compiler/fir/java/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/java/JavaUtils.kt
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ val JavaClass.classKind: ClassKind
         else -> ClassKind.CLASS
     }
 
-internal fun JavaClass.hasMetadataAnnotation(): Boolean =
+fun JavaClass.hasMetadataAnnotation(): Boolean =
     annotations.any { it.classId?.asSingleFqName() == JvmAnnotationNames.METADATA_FQ_NAME }
 
 internal fun Any?.createConstantOrError(session: FirSession): FirExpression {