[FIR] Add test for KT-45584

compiler/testData/codegen/box/javaInterop/conflictingOverloadsForThrowableInheritors.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// IGNORE_BACKEND_FIR: JVM_IR
+// TARGET_BACKEND: JVM
+// FULL_JDK
+// ISSUE: KT-45584
+
+// FILE: PlaceholderExceptionSupport.java
+
+public interface PlaceholderExceptionSupport {
+    String getMessage();
+}
+
+// FILE: PlaceholderException.java
+
+public class PlaceholderException extends RuntimeException implements PlaceholderExceptionSupport {}
+
+// FILE: main.kt
+
+class KotlinTestFailure : PlaceholderException() {} // <-- CONFLICTING_INHERITED_JVM_DECLARATIONS
+
+fun box(): String = "OK"