[FIR2IR] Fix infinite loop between annotation and annotation parameter

When an annotation constructor value parameter is annotated with the
very same annotation, FIR2IR went in an infinite loop when trying
to generate it.
To fix this, the constructor is added to the Fir2IrDeclarationStorage
cache before generating the value parameters.
To accommodate for the missing parameters, the value arguments count
is determined using the FIR.

compiler/testData/loadJava/compiledKotlin/annotations/SelfReferentialAnnotation.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// NO_CHECK_SOURCE_VS_BINARY
+// MUTE_REASON: KT-58935
+
+package test
+
+annotation class Ann(@Ann(1) val e: Int)
+
+@MyRequiresOptIn("", MyRequiresOptIn.MyLevel.ERROR)
+public annotation class MyRequiresOptIn(
+    val a: String = "",
+    @MyRequiresOptIn("", MyRequiresOptIn.MyLevel.WARNING) val b: MyLevel = MyLevel.ERROR
+) {
+    public enum class MyLevel {
+        WARNING,
+        ERROR,
+    }
+}