[NI] Check stub types in result type

An uninferred parameter stub may leak through calculation of CST(Inv<Uninferred Stub>, Nothing) into a result type.
A stub type in the result type means a type error. So we can afford recalculating
CST with stub-containing types filtered out, since its an error anyway.
This prevents stub types leakages and helps with reporting type error diagnostics.

KT-35914 Fixed
KT-35943 Fixed

compiler/testData/codegen/box/regressions/kt35914.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// !LANGUAGE: +NewInference
+// WITH_RUNTIME
+// KJS_WITH_FULL_RUNTIME
+// IGNORE_BACKEND_FIR: JVM_IR
+
+class Inv<T>
+fun <T> bar(x: Inv<T>.() -> Unit) = x
+
+fun box(): String {
+    listOf(
+        bar<Char> { },
+        bar { } // the problem is here
+    )
+    return "OK"
+}