FIR: add test for erroneous type inference in UAST (KT-48159)

compiler/fir/analysis-tests/testData/resolveWithStdlib/intellij/UastPatterns.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// FILE: ObjectPattern.java
+
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+public abstract class ObjectPattern<T, Self extends ObjectPattern<T, Self>> {
+    protected ObjectPattern(@NotNull Class<T> aClass) {
+
+    }
+
+    public static class Capture<T> extends ObjectPattern<T,Capture<T>> {
+        public Capture(@NotNull Class<T> aClass) {
+            super(aClass);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// FILE: UastPatterns.kt
+
+interface UElement
+
+interface UExpression : UElement
+
+interface UReferenceExpression : UExpression
+
+fun injectionHostOrReferenceExpression(): UExpressionPattern.Capture<UExpression> =
+    <!RETURN_TYPE_MISMATCH, TYPE_MISMATCH!>uExpression().filter { it is UReferenceExpression }<!>
+
+fun uExpression(): UExpressionPattern.Capture<UExpression> = expressionCapture(UExpression::class.java)
+
+fun <T : UExpression> expressionCapture(clazz: Class<T>): UExpressionPattern.Capture<T> = UExpressionPattern.Capture(clazz)
+
+open class UElementPattern<T : UElement, Self : UElementPattern<T, Self>>(clazz: Class<T>) : ObjectPattern<T, Self>(clazz) {
+    fun filter(filter: (T) -> Boolean): Self = this as Self
+}
+
+open class UExpressionPattern<T : UExpression, Self : UExpressionPattern<T, Self>>(clazz: Class<T>) : UElementPattern<T, Self>(clazz) {
+    open class Capture<T : UExpression>(clazz: Class<T>) : UExpressionPattern<T, <!UPPER_BOUND_VIOLATED!>Capture<T><!>>(<!ARGUMENT_TYPE_MISMATCH!>clazz<!>)
+}