[LL FIR] rewrite LLFirSuperTypeTargetResolver

The previous implementation had issues with
locks, publication and performance

Also, this change fixed a problem with mixed cycle inheritance

^KT-56550
^KTIJ-25430 Fixed
^KTIJ-23520 Fixed
^KT-57623 Fixed
^KTIJ-25372 Fixed
^KT-58357 Fixed

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/cyclicHierarchy/kotlinJavaKotlinCycle.reversed.kt

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-// LL_FIR_DIVERGENCE
-// The compiler doesn't guarantee exhaustiveness in reporting of inheritance cycles, so the compiler and LL FIR results are equally valid.
-// LL_FIR_DIVERGENCE
-// FILE: I.kt
-
-open class I : <!CYCLIC_INHERITANCE_HIERARCHY!>K<!>() {
-    fun foo() {}
-}
-
-// FILE: J.java
-
-class J extends I {
-    void bar() {}
-}
-
-// FILE: K.kt
-
-open class K : <!EXPOSED_SUPER_CLASS!>J<!>() {
-    fun baz() {}
-}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/cyclicHierarchy/kotlinJavaNestedCycle.ll.kt

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// LL_FIR_DIVERGENCE
+// The compiler doesn't guarantee exhaustiveness in reporting of inheritance cycles, so the compiler and LL FIR results are equally valid.
+// LL_FIR_DIVERGENCE
 // FILE: ExceptionTracker.kt
 
 interface ExceptionTracker : <!CYCLIC_INHERITANCE_HIERARCHY!>LockBasedStorageManager.ExceptionHandlingStrategy<!> {