[IR] Prevent infinite recursion when rendering bound symbol references

Refactor the renderer, make BoundSymbolReferenceRenderer a static class
to prevent calling RenderIrElementVisitor's methods from it to avoid
infinite recursion in the future.

^KT-52677 Fixed

js/js.tests/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/js/test/JsCodegenBoxTestGenerated.java

@@ -21013,6 +21013,12 @@ public class JsCodegenBoxTestGenerated extends AbstractJsCodegenBoxTest {
             runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt41765.kt");
         }
 
+        @Test
+        @TestMetadata("kt52677.kt")
+        public void testKt52677() throws Exception {
+            runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt52677.kt");
+        }
+
         @Test
         @TestMetadata("lambdaWithLoop.kt")
         public void testLambdaWithLoop() throws Exception {

js/js.tests/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/js/test/fir/FirJsCodegenBoxTestGenerated.java

@@ -21031,6 +21031,12 @@ public class FirJsCodegenBoxTestGenerated extends AbstractFirJsCodegenBoxTest {
             runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt41765.kt");
         }
 
+        @Test
+        @TestMetadata("kt52677.kt")
+        public void testKt52677() throws Exception {
+            runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt52677.kt");
+        }
+
         @Test
         @TestMetadata("lambdaWithLoop.kt")
         public void testLambdaWithLoop() throws Exception {

js/js.tests/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/js/test/ir/IrJsCodegenBoxTestGenerated.java

@@ -21031,6 +21031,12 @@ public class IrJsCodegenBoxTestGenerated extends AbstractIrJsCodegenBoxTest {
             runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt41765.kt");
         }
 
+        @Test
+        @TestMetadata("kt52677.kt")
+        public void testKt52677() throws Exception {
+            runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt52677.kt");
+        }
+
         @Test
         @TestMetadata("lambdaWithLoop.kt")
         public void testLambdaWithLoop() throws Exception {

js/js.tests/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/js/testOld/wasm/semantics/IrCodegenBoxWasmTestGenerated.java

@@ -18670,6 +18670,11 @@ public class IrCodegenBoxWasmTestGenerated extends AbstractIrCodegenBoxWasmTest
             runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt41765.kt");
         }
 
+        @TestMetadata("kt52677.kt")
+        public void testKt52677() throws Exception {
+            runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/kt52677.kt");
+        }
+
         @TestMetadata("lambdaWithLoop.kt")
         public void testLambdaWithLoop() throws Exception {
             runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/ir/lambdaWithLoop.kt");