JVM_IR: remap calls to protected @JvmStatic in companions

Protected functions on unrelated classes cannot be called from outside
the current package, so in general, we can only call the static proxy,
not the original companion method.

This has an ABI compatibility implication in that removing `@JvmStatic`
from a protected companion method will require recompiling Kotlin use
sites (of course, this is already source- and binary-incompatible from
Java perspective).

 #KT-12063 Fixed

compiler/fir/fir2ir/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/test/runners/codegen/FirBlackBoxCodegenTestGenerated.java

@@ -23490,6 +23490,12 @@ public class FirBlackBoxCodegenTestGenerated extends AbstractFirBlackBoxCodegenT
             runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/jvmStatic/companionObject.kt");
         }
 
+        @Test
+        @TestMetadata("companionObjectProtected.kt")
+        public void testCompanionObjectProtected() throws Exception {
+            runTest("compiler/testData/codegen/box/jvmStatic/companionObjectProtected.kt");
+        }
+
         @Test
         @TestMetadata("convention.kt")
         public void testConvention() throws Exception {