[Build] Migrate most of the build logic from Project.buildDir usage

It's going to be deprecated in Gradle 8.3

There's currently no way to pass a `org.gradle.api.provider.Provider` to the JavaExec.systemProperty or Test.systemProperty. There's a workaround using `org.gradle.process.CommandLineArgumentProvider`, but I intentionally don't rework these calls as Gradle is going to allow passing providers to configure system properties: https://github.com/gradle/gradle/issues/12247#issuecomment-1568427242
^KTI-1473 In Progress

kotlin-native/platformLibs/build.gradle.kts

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ konanTargetList.forEach { target ->
                     klibFiles(df.config.depends.map { "$konanHome/klib/platform/$targetName/${fileNamePrefix}${it}" })
                 }
                 extraOpts("-Xpurge-user-libs", "-Xshort-module-name", df.name, "-Xdisable-experimental-annotation")
-                compilerOpts("-fmodules-cache-path=${project.buildDir}/clangModulesCache")
+                compilerOpts("-fmodules-cache-path=${project.layout.buildDirectory.dir("clangModulesCache").get().asFile}")
             }
         }