Inference: handle Exact constraints with captured types properly

#KT-41818 Fixed

compiler/testData/diagnostics/testsWithStdLib/implicitNothingInDelegate.fir.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+FILE: implicitNothingInDelegate.kt
+    @R|kotlin/Suppress|(vararg(String(INVISIBLE_REFERENCE))) public final operator fun <V, V1 : R|V|> R|kotlin/collections/Map<in kotlin/String, @Exact V>|.getValue(thisRef: R|kotlin/Any?|, property: R|kotlin/reflect/KProperty<*>|): R|V1| {
+        ^getValue Null(null)!!
+    }
+    public final val m2: R|kotlin/collections/Map<kotlin/String, *>| = R|kotlin/collections/mapOf|<R|kotlin/String|, R|kotlin/String|>(String(baz).R|kotlin/to|<R|kotlin/String|, R|kotlin/String|>(String(bat)))
+        public get(): R|kotlin/collections/Map<kotlin/String, *>|
+    public final val bar: R|kotlin/String|
+        public get(): R|kotlin/String| {
+            ^ R|/m2|.R|/getValue|<R|kotlin/Any?|, R|kotlin/String|>(Null(null), ::R|/bar|)
+        }
+    public final fun foo(): R|kotlin/Unit| {
+        lval m1: R|kotlin/collections/Map<kotlin/String, kotlin/Any>| = R|kotlin/collections/mapOf|<R|kotlin/String|, R|kotlin/String|>(String(foo).R|kotlin/to|<R|kotlin/String|, R|kotlin/String|>(String(bar)))
+        lval foo: R|kotlin/String|by R|<local>/m1|
+        lval baz: R|kotlin/String|by R|/m2|
+        R|kotlin/io/println|(R|<local>/foo|)
+        R|kotlin/io/println|(R|<local>/baz|)
+        R|kotlin/io/println|(R|/bar|)
+    }

compiler/testData/diagnostics/testsWithStdLib/implicitNothingInDelegate.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// FIR_IDENTICAL
+// FIR_DUMP
+// WITH_REFLECT
+
+import kotlin.reflect.KProperty
+
+@Suppress("INVISIBLE_REFERENCE")
+public operator fun <V, V1 : V> Map<in String, @kotlin.internal.Exact V>.getValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): V1 = null!!
+
+val m2: Map<String, *>  = mapOf("baz" to "bat")
+val bar: String get() = m2.getValue(null, ::bar)
+
+fun foo() {
+    val m1: Map<String, Any>  = mapOf("foo" to "bar")
+    val foo: String by m1
+    val baz: String by m2
+    println(foo) // bar
+    println(baz) // kotlin.KotlinNothingValueException
+    println(bar)
+}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/testsWithStdLib/implicitNothingInDelegate.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package
+
+public val bar: kotlin.String
+public val m2: kotlin.collections.Map<kotlin.String, *>
+public fun foo(): kotlin.Unit
+@kotlin.Suppress(names = {"INVISIBLE_REFERENCE"}) public operator fun </*0*/ V, /*1*/ V1 : V> kotlin.collections.Map<in kotlin.String, V>.getValue(/*0*/ thisRef: kotlin.Any?, /*1*/ property: kotlin.reflect.KProperty<*>): V1
+