[FIR] Check top-level property initialization via CFG

Now that files have a CFG, use it to validate properties are initialized
correctly. Update FirTopLevelPropertiesChecker to collect initialization
info for the property being checked - similar to
FirMemberPropertiesChecker - and validate proper initialization.

#KT-56683 Fixed
#KT-58531 Fixed

analysis/analysis-api/testData/components/diagnosticsProvider/diagnostics/declarationErrors.kt

@@ -4,3 +4,6 @@ class A {
   abstract fun foo()
 }
 class B: A
+
+// IGNORE_FIR
+// Does not pass because of KT-61296

analysis/low-level-api-fir/tests/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/diagnostic/compiler/based/DiagnosticCompilerTestFE10TestdataTestGenerated.java

@@ -3242,6 +3242,12 @@ public class DiagnosticCompilerTestFE10TestdataTestGenerated extends AbstractDia
                 runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/SetterWithExplicitType.kt");
             }
 
+            @Test
+            @TestMetadata("TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt")
+            public void testTopLevelPropertyInitialization() throws Exception {
+                runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt");
+            }
+
             @Test
             @TestMetadata("ValDeferredInitInFinalClass.kt")
             public void testValDeferredInitInFinalClass() throws Exception {

analysis/low-level-api-fir/tests/org/jetbrains/kotlin/analysis/low/level/api/fir/diagnostic/compiler/based/LLFirPreresolvedReversedDiagnosticCompilerFE10TestDataTestGenerated.java

@@ -3242,6 +3242,12 @@ public class LLFirPreresolvedReversedDiagnosticCompilerFE10TestDataTestGenerated
                 runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/SetterWithExplicitType.kt");
             }
 
+            @Test
+            @TestMetadata("TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt")
+            public void testTopLevelPropertyInitialization() throws Exception {
+                runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt");
+            }
+
             @Test
             @TestMetadata("ValDeferredInitInFinalClass.kt")
             public void testValDeferredInitInFinalClass() throws Exception {

compiler/fir/analysis-tests/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/test/runners/FirLightTreeOldFrontendDiagnosticsTestGenerated.java

@@ -3242,6 +3242,12 @@ public class FirLightTreeOldFrontendDiagnosticsTestGenerated extends AbstractFir
                 runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/SetterWithExplicitType.kt");
             }
 
+            @Test
+            @TestMetadata("TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt")
+            public void testTopLevelPropertyInitialization() throws Exception {
+                runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt");
+            }
+
             @Test
             @TestMetadata("ValDeferredInitInFinalClass.kt")
             public void testValDeferredInitInFinalClass() throws Exception {

compiler/fir/analysis-tests/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/test/runners/FirPsiOldFrontendDiagnosticsTestGenerated.java

@@ -3248,6 +3248,12 @@ public class FirPsiOldFrontendDiagnosticsTestGenerated extends AbstractFirPsiDia
                 runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/SetterWithExplicitType.kt");
             }
 
+            @Test
+            @TestMetadata("TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt")
+            public void testTopLevelPropertyInitialization() throws Exception {
+                runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt");
+            }
+
             @Test
             @TestMetadata("ValDeferredInitInFinalClass.kt")
             public void testValDeferredInitInFinalClass() throws Exception {

compiler/fir/checkers/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/analysis/cfa/FirPropertyInitializationAnalyzer.kt

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.diagnostics.FirErrors
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.*
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.utils.hasBackingField
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.utils.hasExplicitBackingField
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.utils.isExternal
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.utils.isLateInit
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.expressions.*
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.isCatchParameter
@@ -126,7 +127,7 @@ private fun PropertyInitializationInfoData.checkPropertyAccesses(
             node is QualifiedAccessNode -> {
                 if (doNotReportUninitializedVariable) continue
                 val symbol = node.fir.calleeReference.toResolvedPropertySymbol() ?: continue
-                if (!symbol.isLateInit && node.fir.hasCorrectReceiver() && symbol in properties &&
+                if (!symbol.isLateInit && !symbol.isExternal && node.fir.hasCorrectReceiver() && symbol in properties &&
                     getValue(node).values.any { it[symbol]?.isDefinitelyVisited() != true }
                 ) {
                     reporter.reportOn(node.fir.source, FirErrors.UNINITIALIZED_VARIABLE, symbol, context)

compiler/fir/checkers/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/analysis/checkers/CommonDeclarationCheckers.kt

@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ object CommonDeclarationCheckers : DeclarationCheckers() {
             FirPropertyFromParameterChecker,
             FirLocalVariableTypeParametersSyntaxChecker,
             FirDelegateUsesExtensionPropertyTypeParameterChecker,
-            FirTopLevelPropertiesChecker,
             FirLocalExtensionPropertyChecker,
             ContractSyntaxV2PropertyChecker,
             FirVolatileAnnotationChecker,
@@ -144,6 +143,7 @@ object CommonDeclarationCheckers : DeclarationCheckers() {
         get() = setOf(
             FirImportsChecker,
             FirUnresolvedInMiddleOfImportChecker,
+            FirTopLevelPropertiesChecker,
         )
 
     override val controlFlowAnalyserCheckers: Set<FirControlFlowChecker>

compiler/fir/checkers/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/analysis/checkers/FirHelpers.kt

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.expressions.impl.FirEmptyExpressionBlock
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.references.FirSuperReference
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.references.toResolvedCallableSymbol
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.*
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.providers.firProvider
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.providers.symbolProvider
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.scopes.*
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.scopes.impl.declaredMemberScope
@@ -151,6 +152,14 @@ fun FirBasedSymbol<*>.getContainingClassSymbol(session: FirSession): FirClassLik
     else -> null
 }
 
+/**
+ * Returns the containing class or file if the callable is top-level.
+ */
+fun FirCallableSymbol<*>.getContainingSymbol(session: FirSession): FirBasedSymbol<*>? {
+    return getContainingClassSymbol(session)
+        ?: session.firProvider.getFirCallableContainerFile(this)?.symbol
+}
+
 fun FirDeclaration.getContainingClassSymbol(session: FirSession) = symbol.getContainingClassSymbol(session)
 
 fun FirClassLikeSymbol<*>.outerClassSymbol(context: CheckerContext): FirClassLikeSymbol<*>? {

compiler/fir/checkers/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/analysis/checkers/declaration/FirMemberPropertiesChecker.kt

@@ -55,31 +55,33 @@ object FirMemberPropertiesChecker : FirClassChecker() {
         data.checkPropertyAccesses(isForClassInitialization = true, context, reporter)
         return data.getValue(graph.exitNode)[NormalPath]
     }
+}
 
-    private fun checkProperty(
+internal fun checkProperty(
-        containingDeclaration: FirClass,
+    containingDeclaration: FirClass?,
-        property: FirProperty,
+    property: FirProperty,
-        isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor: Boolean,
+    isDefinitelyAssigned: Boolean,
-        context: CheckerContext,
+    context: CheckerContext,
-        reporter: DiagnosticReporter,
+    reporter: DiagnosticReporter,
-        reachable: Boolean
+    reachable: Boolean,
-    ) {
+) {
-        val source = property.source ?: return
+    val source = property.source ?: return
-        if (source.kind is KtFakeSourceElementKind) return
+    if (source.kind is KtFakeSourceElementKind) return
-        // If multiple (potentially conflicting) modality modifiers are specified, not all modifiers are recorded at `status`.
+    // If multiple (potentially conflicting) modality modifiers are specified, not all modifiers are recorded at `status`.
-        // So, our source of truth should be the full modifier list retrieved from the source.
+    // So, our source of truth should be the full modifier list retrieved from the source.
-        val modifierList = property.source.getModifierList()
+    val modifierList = property.source.getModifierList()
 
-        checkPropertyInitializer(
+    checkPropertyInitializer(
-            containingDeclaration,
+        containingDeclaration,
-            property,
+        property,
-            modifierList,
+        modifierList,
-            isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor,
+        isDefinitelyAssigned,
-            reporter,
+        reporter,
-            context,
+        context,
-            reachable
+        reachable
-        )
+    )
 
+    if (containingDeclaration != null) {
         val hasAbstractModifier = KtTokens.ABSTRACT_KEYWORD in modifierList
         val isAbstract = property.isAbstract || hasAbstractModifier
         if (containingDeclaration.isInterface &&

compiler/fir/checkers/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/analysis/checkers/declaration/FirTopLevelPropertiesChecker.kt

@@ -5,46 +5,67 @@
 
 package org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.declaration
 
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.KtFakeSourceElementKind
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.KtSourceElement
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.config.LanguageFeature
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.config.LanguageVersionSettings
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.contracts.description.isDefinitelyVisited
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.descriptors.Modality
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.diagnostics.DiagnosticReporter
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.diagnostics.KtDiagnosticFactory0
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.diagnostics.reportOn
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.cfa.checkPropertyAccesses
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.cfa.requiresInitialization
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.cfa.util.PropertyInitializationInfo
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.cfa.util.PropertyInitializationInfoData
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.FirModifierList
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.contains
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.context.CheckerContext
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.getModifierList
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.diagnostics.FirErrors
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.*
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.impl.FirDefaultPropertyAccessor
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.utils.*
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.dfa.cfg.NormalPath
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.dfa.controlFlowGraph
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.diagnostics.ConeLocalVariableNoTypeOrInitializer
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.symbols.impl.FirPropertySymbol
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.types.FirErrorTypeRef
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.lexer.KtTokens
 
 // See old FE's [DeclarationsChecker]
-object FirTopLevelPropertiesChecker : FirPropertyChecker() {
+object FirTopLevelPropertiesChecker : FirFileChecker() {
-    override fun check(declaration: FirProperty, context: CheckerContext, reporter: DiagnosticReporter) {
+    override fun check(declaration: FirFile, context: CheckerContext, reporter: DiagnosticReporter) {
-        // Only report on top level callable declarations
+        val info = declaration.collectionInitializationInfo(context, reporter)
-        if (context.containingDeclarations.size > 1) return
+        for (innerDeclaration in declaration.declarations) {
+            if (innerDeclaration is FirProperty) {
+                val symbol = innerDeclaration.symbol
+                val isDefinitelyAssigned = info?.get(symbol)?.isDefinitelyVisited() == true
+                checkProperty(containingDeclaration = null, innerDeclaration, isDefinitelyAssigned, context, reporter, reachable = true)
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-        val source = declaration.source ?: return
+    private fun FirFile.collectionInitializationInfo(
-        if (source.kind is KtFakeSourceElementKind) return
+        context: CheckerContext,
-        // If multiple (potentially conflicting) modality modifiers are specified, not all modifiers are recorded at `status`.
+        reporter: DiagnosticReporter,
-        // So, our source of truth should be the full modifier list retrieved from the source.
+    ): PropertyInitializationInfo? {
-        val modifierList = source.getModifierList()
+        val graph = (this as? FirControlFlowGraphOwner)?.controlFlowGraphReference?.controlFlowGraph ?: return null
 
-        checkPropertyInitializer(
+        // Scripts are nested as a single declaration under FirFiles and contain their own statements. To properly check all "top-level"
-            containingClass = null,
+        // properties, script statements need to be unwrapped.
-            declaration,
+        val topLevelProperties = when (val script = declarations.singleOrNull()) {
-            modifierList,
+            is FirScript -> script.statements.filterIsInstance<FirProperty>()
-            isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor = false, // Only member properties can be assigned in constructors
+            else -> declarations.filterIsInstance<FirProperty>()
-            reporter,
+        }
-            context
+
-        )
+        val propertySymbols = topLevelProperties.mapNotNullTo(mutableSetOf()) { declaration ->
+            (declaration.symbol as? FirPropertySymbol)?.takeIf { it.requiresInitialization(false) }
+        }
+        if (propertySymbols.isEmpty()) return null
+
+        // TODO, KT-59803: merge with `FirPropertyInitializationAnalyzer` for fewer passes.
+        val data = PropertyInitializationInfoData(propertySymbols, receiver = null, graph)
+        data.checkPropertyAccesses(isForClassInitialization = false, context, reporter)
+        return data.getValue(graph.exitNode)[NormalPath]
     }
 }
 
@@ -53,10 +74,10 @@ internal fun checkPropertyInitializer(
     containingClass: FirClass?,
     property: FirProperty,
     modifierList: FirModifierList?,
-    isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor: Boolean,
+    isDefinitelyAssigned: Boolean,
     reporter: DiagnosticReporter,
     context: CheckerContext,
-    reachable: Boolean = true
+    reachable: Boolean = true,
 ) {
     val inInterface = containingClass?.isInterface == true
     val hasAbstractModifier = KtTokens.ABSTRACT_KEYWORD in modifierList
@@ -118,7 +139,7 @@ internal fun checkPropertyInitializer(
             val propertySource = property.source ?: return
             val isExternal = property.isEffectivelyExternal(containingClass, context)
             val isCorrectlyInitialized =
-                property.initializer != null || isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor && !property.hasSetterAccessorImplementation &&
+                property.initializer != null || isDefinitelyAssigned && !property.hasSetterAccessorImplementation &&
                         property.getEffectiveModality(containingClass, context.languageVersionSettings) != Modality.OPEN
             if (
                 backingFieldRequired &&
@@ -135,14 +156,14 @@ internal fun checkPropertyInitializer(
                     val isOpenValDeferredInitDeprecationWarning =
                         !context.languageVersionSettings.supportsFeature(LanguageFeature.ProhibitOpenValDeferredInitialization) &&
                                 property.getEffectiveModality(containingClass, context.languageVersionSettings) == Modality.OPEN && property.isVal &&
-                                isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor
+                                isDefinitelyAssigned
                     // KT-61228
                     val isFalsePositiveDeferredInitDeprecationWarning = isOpenValDeferredInitDeprecationWarning &&
                             property.getEffectiveModality(containingClass) == Modality.FINAL
                     if (!isFalsePositiveDeferredInitDeprecationWarning) {
                         reportMustBeInitialized(
                             property,
-                            isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor,
+                            isDefinitelyAssigned,
                             containingClass,
                             propertySource,
                             isOpenValDeferredInitDeprecationWarning,
@@ -169,7 +190,7 @@ internal fun checkPropertyInitializer(
 
 private fun reportMustBeInitialized(
     property: FirProperty,
-    isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor: Boolean,
+    isDefinitelyAssigned: Boolean,
     containingClass: FirClass?,
     propertySource: KtSourceElement,
     isOpenValDeferredInitDeprecationWarning: Boolean,
@@ -180,7 +201,7 @@ private fun reportMustBeInitialized(
     val suggestMakingItFinal = containingClass != null &&
             !property.hasSetterAccessorImplementation &&
             property.getEffectiveModality(containingClass, context.languageVersionSettings) != Modality.FINAL &&
-            isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor
+            isDefinitelyAssigned
     val suggestMakingItAbstract = containingClass != null && !property.hasAnyAccessorImplementation
     if (isOpenValDeferredInitDeprecationWarning && !suggestMakingItFinal && suggestMakingItAbstract) {
         error("Not reachable case. Every \"open val + deferred init\" case that could be made `abstract`, also could be made `final`")
@@ -189,7 +210,7 @@ private fun reportMustBeInitialized(
         !context.languageVersionSettings.supportsFeature(LanguageFeature.ProhibitMissedMustBeInitializedWhenThereIsNoPrimaryConstructor) &&
                 containingClass != null &&
                 containingClass.primaryConstructorIfAny(context.session) == null &&
-                isDefinitelyAssignedInConstructor
+                isDefinitelyAssigned
     val factory = when {
         suggestMakingItFinal && suggestMakingItAbstract -> FirErrors.MUST_BE_INITIALIZED_OR_FINAL_OR_ABSTRACT
         suggestMakingItFinal -> FirErrors.MUST_BE_INITIALIZED_OR_BE_FINAL

compiler/fir/checkers/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/fir/analysis/checkers/expression/FirReassignmentAndInvisibleSetterChecker.kt

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.cfa.evaluatedInPlace
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.cfa.requiresInitialization
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.context.CheckerContext
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.context.findClosest
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.checkers.getContainingSymbol
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.analysis.diagnostics.FirErrors
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.*
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.utils.visibility
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.diagnostics.DiagnosticKind
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.expressions.*
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.originalForSubstitutionOverride
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.references.*
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.dfa.controlFlowGraph
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.diagnostics.ConeDiagnosticWithCandidates
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.diagnostics.ConeUnresolvedNameError
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.symbols.SymbolInternals
@@ -137,8 +139,12 @@ object FirReassignmentAndInvisibleSetterChecker : FirVariableAssignmentChecker()
         val property = expression.calleeReference?.toResolvedPropertySymbol() ?: return
         if (property.isVar) return
         // Assignments of uninitialized `val`s must be checked via CFG, since the first one is OK.
-        // See `FirPropertyInitializationAnalyzer` for locals and `FirMemberPropertiesChecker` for backing fields in initializers.
+        // See `FirPropertyInitializationAnalyzer` for locals, `FirMemberPropertiesChecker` for backing fields in initializers,
-        if (property.isLocal && property.requiresInitialization(isForClassInitialization = false)) return
+        // and `FirTopLevelPropertiesChecker` for top-level properties.
+        if (
+            (property.isLocal || isInFileGraph(property, context))
+            && property.requiresInitialization(isForClassInitialization = false)
+        ) return
         if (
             isInOwnersInitializer(expression.dispatchReceiver.unwrapSmartcastExpression(), context)
             && property.requiresInitialization(isForClassInitialization = true)
@@ -147,6 +153,20 @@ object FirReassignmentAndInvisibleSetterChecker : FirVariableAssignmentChecker()
         reporter.reportOn(expression.lValue.source, FirErrors.VAL_REASSIGNMENT, property, context)
     }
 
+    private fun isInFileGraph(property: FirPropertySymbol, context: CheckerContext): Boolean {
+        val declarations = context.containingDeclarations.dropWhile { it !is FirFile }
+        val file = declarations.firstOrNull() as? FirFile ?: return false
+        if (file.symbol != property.getContainingSymbol(context.session)) return false
+
+        // Starting with the CFG for the containing FirFile, check if all following declarations are contained as sub-CFGs.
+        // If there is a break in the chain, then the variable assignment is not part of the file CFG, and VAL_REASSIGNMENT should be
+        // reported by this checker.
+        val containingGraph = declarations
+            .map { (it as? FirControlFlowGraphOwner)?.controlFlowGraphReference?.controlFlowGraph }
+            .reduceOrNull { acc, graph -> graph?.takeIf { acc != null && it in acc.subGraphs } }
+        return containingGraph != null
+    }
+
     private fun isInOwnersInitializer(receiver: FirExpression, context: CheckerContext): Boolean {
         val uninitializedThisSymbol = (receiver as? FirThisReceiverExpression)?.calleeReference?.boundSymbol ?: return false
         val containingDeclarations = context.containingDeclarations

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/TopLevelPropertyInitialization.fir.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// !DIAGNOSTICS: -UNUSED_PARAMETER -UNUSED_VARIABLE -ASSIGNED_BUT_NEVER_ACCESSED_VARIABLE
+// WITH_STDLIB
+
+val a: Int
+val b = 1.also { a = 2 }
+<!MUST_BE_INITIALIZED!>val c: Int<!>
+val d by lazy { <!CAPTURED_VAL_INITIALIZATION!>c<!> = 2; 1 }
+val e: Int
+    get() {
+        <!VAL_REASSIGNMENT!>c<!> = 3
+        return c
+    }
+
+class Class {
+    val i: Int
+    val j = 1.also { i = 2 }
+    <!MUST_BE_INITIALIZED_OR_BE_ABSTRACT!>val k: Int<!>
+    val l by lazy { <!CAPTURED_MEMBER_VAL_INITIALIZATION!>k<!> = 2; 1 }
+    val n: Int
+        get() {
+            <!VAL_REASSIGNMENT!>k<!> = 3
+            return k
+        }
+}
+
+fun main() {
+    val x: Int
+    val y = 1.also { x = 2 }
+    val z: Int
+    val w by lazy { <!CAPTURED_VAL_INITIALIZATION!>z<!> = 2; 1 }
+}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// !DIAGNOSTICS: -UNUSED_PARAMETER -UNUSED_VARIABLE -ASSIGNED_BUT_NEVER_ACCESSED_VARIABLE
+// WITH_STDLIB
+
+val a: Int
+val b = 1.also { a = 2 }
+<!MUST_BE_INITIALIZED!>val c: Int<!>
+val d by lazy { c = 2; 1 }
+val e: Int
+    get() {
+        <!VAL_REASSIGNMENT!>c<!> = 3
+        return c
+    }
+
+class Class {
+    val i: Int
+    val j = 1.also { i = 2 }
+    <!MUST_BE_INITIALIZED_OR_BE_ABSTRACT!>val k: Int<!>
+    val l by lazy { <!CAPTURED_MEMBER_VAL_INITIALIZATION!>k<!> = 2; 1 }
+    val n: Int
+        get() {
+            <!VAL_REASSIGNMENT!>k<!> = 3
+            return k
+        }
+}
+
+fun main() {
+    val x: Int
+    val y = 1.also { x = 2 }
+    val z: Int
+    val w by lazy { <!CAPTURED_VAL_INITIALIZATION!>z<!> = 2; 1 }
+}

compiler/tests-common-new/tests-gen/org/jetbrains/kotlin/test/runners/DiagnosticTestGenerated.java

@@ -3248,6 +3248,12 @@ public class DiagnosticTestGenerated extends AbstractDiagnosticTest {
                 runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/SetterWithExplicitType.kt");
             }
 
+            @Test
+            @TestMetadata("TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt")
+            public void testTopLevelPropertyInitialization() throws Exception {
+                runTest("compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/backingField/TopLevelPropertyInitialization.kt");
+            }
+
             @Test
             @TestMetadata("ValDeferredInitInFinalClass.kt")
             public void testValDeferredInitInFinalClass() throws Exception {