K2: add checker detecting protected Java field shadowed by a property

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/javaProtectedFieldAndKotlinInvisiblePropertyReference.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// FILE: BaseJava.java
+
+package base;
+
+public class BaseJava {
+    protected String a = "TARGET";
+
+    String b = "";
+}
+
+class DerivedJava extends BaseKotlin {
+    protected String a = "";
+}
+
+// FILE: Base.kt
+
+package base
+
+abstract class BaseKotlin
+
+open class Intermediate : BaseJava() {
+    private val a = ""
+}
+
+class Derived : Intermediate() {
+    fun foo() = this::a // Same package
+}
+
+private class DerivedFromDerivedJava : DerivedJava() {
+    fun foo() = this::a // Property class is a subclass of the field class
+}
+
+// FILE: Derived.kt
+
+package derived
+
+import base.BaseJava
+
+open class Intermediate : BaseJava() {
+    private val a = ""
+
+    private val b = ""
+}
+
+open class IntermediateWithoutField : BaseJava() {
+    private val a get() = ""
+}
+
+open class IntermediatePublic : BaseJava() {
+    val a = ""
+}
+
+class Derived : Intermediate() {
+    // This should be the first erroneous place (only in K2)
+    fun foo() = this::a
+
+    fun bar() = a // Non-reference
+
+    fun baz() = this::<!INVISIBLE_MEMBER!>b<!> // Non-protected
+}
+
+typealias Alias = Intermediate
+
+class DerivedAlias : Alias() {
+    // This should be the second erroneous place (only in K2)
+    fun foo() = this::a
+}
+
+fun local() {
+    open class LocalIntermediate : BaseJava() {
+        private val a = ""
+    }
+
+    class LocalDerived : LocalIntermediate() {
+        // This should be the third and the last erroneous place (only in K2)
+        fun foo() = this::a
+    }
+}
+
+class DerivedWithoutBackingField : IntermediateWithoutField() {
+    fun foo() = this::a // No shadowing backing field
+}
+
+class DerivedPublic : IntermediatePublic() {
+    fun foo() = this::a // Visible property
+}
+
+class DirectlyDerived : BaseJava() {
+    fun foo() = this::a // No property at all
+}
+
+fun test(d: Derived) {
+    d::<!INVISIBLE_MEMBER!>a<!> // Field is also invisible
+}