diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/regressionTests/KT58319ProjectMetadataProviderTest.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/regressionTests/KT58319ProjectMetadataProviderTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9d63ecf44e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/regressionTests/KT58319ProjectMetadataProviderTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2010-2023 JetBrains s.r.o. and Kotlin Programming Language contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+@file:Suppress("FunctionName")
+
+package org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.regressionTests
+
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.multiplatformExtension
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.MetadataDependencyResolution
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.metadataDependencyResolutionsOrEmpty
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.transformMetadataLibrariesForIde
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.DefaultKotlinSourceSet
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.internal
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.metadataTransformation
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.util.buildProject
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.util.buildProjectWithMPP
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertNotNull
+import kotlin.test.fail
+
+class KT58319ProjectMetadataProvider {
+    @Test
+    fun `test - ProjectMetadataProviderImpl - supports single target projects`() {
+        val rootProject = buildProject()
+        val producerProject = buildProjectWithMPP(projectBuilder = { withParent(rootProject) })
+        val consumerProject = buildProjectWithMPP(projectBuilder = { withParent(rootProject) })
+
+        producerProject.multiplatformExtension.jvm()
+        consumerProject.multiplatformExtension.jvm()
+
+        val consumerCommonMain = consumerProject.multiplatformExtension.sourceSets.getByName("commonMain")
+        consumerCommonMain.dependencies {
+            implementation(producerProject)
+        }
+
+        rootProject.evaluate()
+        producerProject.evaluate()
+        consumerProject.evaluate()
+
+        /*
+       Regression failure reported:
+       Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unexpected source set 'commonMain'
+         at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.ProjectMetadataProviderImpl.getSourceSetCompiledMetadata(ProjectMetadataProviderImpl.kt:42)
+       > at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.TransformMetadataLibrariesKt.transformMetadataLibrariesForIde(transformMetadataLibraries.kt:26)
+         at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.DefaultKotlinSourceSet.getDependenciesTransformation$kotlin_gradle_plugin_common(DefaultKotlinSourceSet.kt:178)
+         at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.DefaultKotlinSourceSet.getDependenciesTransformation(DefaultKotlinSourceSet.kt:151)
+        */
+        consumerCommonMain.internal.metadataTransformation.metadataDependencyResolutionsOrEmpty
+            .filterIsInstance<MetadataDependencyResolution.ChooseVisibleSourceSets>()
+            .ifEmpty { fail("Expected at least one 'ChooseVisibleSourceSets") }
+            .forEach { resolution -> assertNotNull(consumerProject.transformMetadataLibrariesForIde(resolution)) }
+
+
+        /*
+        Regression failure reported:
+        Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unexpected source set 'commonMain'
+          at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.ProjectMetadataProviderImpl.getSourceSetCompiledMetadata(ProjectMetadataProviderImpl.kt:42)
+          at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.TransformMetadataLibrariesKt.transformMetadataLibrariesForIde(transformMetadataLibraries.kt:26)
+        > at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.DefaultKotlinSourceSet.getDependenciesTransformation$kotlin_gradle_plugin_common(DefaultKotlinSourceSet.kt:178)
+          at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.DefaultKotlinSourceSet.getDependenciesTransformation(DefaultKotlinSourceSet.kt:151)
+        */
+        (consumerCommonMain as DefaultKotlinSourceSet).getDependenciesTransformation().toList()
+            .ifEmpty { fail("getDependenciesTransformation() returned nothing") }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file