[Analysis API] fix common code resolution which requires FirSyntheticPropertiesStorage

Added test `FirSourceLazyDeclarationResolveTestGenerated.Classes.testClassDelegatedInCommonCode`
now fails with another exception (KT-62772). It's fixed in the following commit.

^KT-62768 fixed

analysis/low-level-api-fir/testData/lazyResolve/classes/classDelegatedInCommonCode.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// TARGET_PLATFORM: Common
+
+public class A<caret>A(
+    private val content: Map<String, Int>
+) : Map<String, Int> by content {
+    override fun toString(): String {
+        return content.entries.toString()
+    }
+}