[FIR] Refactor effective visibility calculation

Before this commit, we had effective visibility as a part of FIR status,
so it was integrated into the full pipeline. In this commit,
we introduced "effective visibility as a service" which is now used
only by exposed visibility checker. This allows us to make the thing
universal for all FIR nodes, including nodes for Java / deserialized.

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/cyclicHierarchy/kotlinJavaKotlinCycle.fir.kt

@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ class J extends I {
 
 // FILE: K.kt
 
-open class K : J() {
+open class K : <!EXPOSED_SUPER_CLASS!>J<!>() {
     fun baz() {}
 }