[FIR] Refactor effective visibility calculation

Before this commit, we had effective visibility as a part of FIR status,
so it was integrated into the full pipeline. In this commit,
we introduced "effective visibility as a service" which is now used
only by exposed visibility checker. This allows us to make the thing
universal for all FIR nodes, including nodes for Java / deserialized.

compiler/fir/analysis-tests/testData/resolve/cfg/annotatedLocalClass.txt

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ FILE: annotatedLocalClass.kt
         }
 
         @R|Ann|() local final class Local : R|kotlin/Any| {
-            public[local] constructor(): R|Local| {
+            public constructor(): R|Local| {
                 super<R|kotlin/Any|>()
             }