Add check already fixed variables in PostponedArgumentInputTypesResolver during adding constraints on them and using inside a functional type

^KT-42374 Fixed

compiler/resolution.common/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/calls/inference/components/ConstraintSystemCompletionContext.kt

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import org.jetbrains.kotlin.types.model.TypeVariableMarker
 interface ConstraintSystemCompletionContext : VariableFixationFinder.Context, ResultTypeResolver.Context {
     val allTypeVariables: Map<TypeConstructorMarker, TypeVariableMarker>
     override val notFixedTypeVariables: Map<TypeConstructorMarker, VariableWithConstraints>
+    override val fixedTypeVariables: Map<TypeConstructorMarker, KotlinTypeMarker>
     override val postponedTypeVariables: List<TypeVariableMarker>
 
     fun getBuilder(): ConstraintSystemBuilder

compiler/resolution.common/src/org/jetbrains/kotlin/resolve/calls/inference/components/VariableFixationFinder.kt

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ class VariableFixationFinder(
 ) {
     interface Context : TypeSystemInferenceExtensionContext {
         val notFixedTypeVariables: Map<TypeConstructorMarker, VariableWithConstraints>
+        val fixedTypeVariables: Map<TypeConstructorMarker, KotlinTypeMarker>
         val postponedTypeVariables: List<TypeVariableMarker>
         fun isReified(variable: TypeVariableMarker): Boolean
     }