diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/mpp/MppDiagnosticsIt.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/mpp/MppDiagnosticsIt.kt
index b6731ad202d..9391ffecd29 100644
--- a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/mpp/MppDiagnosticsIt.kt
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/mpp/MppDiagnosticsIt.kt
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ package org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.mpp
 import org.gradle.util.GradleVersion
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.KotlinToolingDiagnostics
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.testbase.*
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.util.replaceText
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.test.TestMetadata
 import kotlin.io.path.appendText
 import kotlin.io.path.writeText
 
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@ class MppDiagnosticsIt : KGPBaseTest() {
     }
 
     @GradleTest
-    fun testDeprecatedProperties(gradleVersion: GradleVersion) {
+    fun testDeprecatedMppProperties(gradleVersion: GradleVersion) {
         project("mppDeprecatedProperties", gradleVersion) {
             checkDeprecatedProperties(isDeprecationExpected = false)
 
diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/KotlinPluginWrapper.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/KotlinPluginWrapper.kt
index b1fbfe5825b..da3c4f475a5 100644
--- a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/KotlinPluginWrapper.kt
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/KotlinPluginWrapper.kt
@@ -387,7 +387,6 @@ abstract class AbstractKotlinMultiplatformPluginWrapper : KotlinBasePluginWrappe
         get() = KotlinMultiplatformExtension::class
 
     override fun whenBuildEvaluated(project: Project) {
-        project.runMissingKotlinTargetsProjectConfigurationHealthCheck()
         project.runDisabledCInteropCommonizationOnHmppProjectConfigurationHealthCheck()
     }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinGradleProjectChecker.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinGradleProjectChecker.kt
index 28752d8d70f..bc65de260e6 100644
--- a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinGradleProjectChecker.kt
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinGradleProjectChecker.kt
@@ -100,7 +100,8 @@ internal interface KotlinGradleProjectChecker {
             UnusedSourceSetsChecker,
             AndroidSourceSetLayoutV1SourceSetsNotFoundChecker,
             TargetsWithAmbiguousConsumableConfigurationsChecker,
-            AndroidPluginWithoutAndroidTargetChecker
+            AndroidPluginWithoutAndroidTargetChecker,
+            NoKotlinTargetsDeclaredChecker
         )
     }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinToolingDiagnostics.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinToolingDiagnostics.kt
index 0d24da60922..b12b9faaa92 100644
--- a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinToolingDiagnostics.kt
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/KotlinToolingDiagnostics.kt
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ package org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics
 
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.InternalKotlinGradlePluginApi
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.PropertiesProvider
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.ToolingDiagnostic.Severity.ERROR
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.ToolingDiagnostic.Severity.WARNING
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.ToolingDiagnostic.Severity.*
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.android.multiplatformAndroidSourceSetLayoutV1
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.sources.android.multiplatformAndroidSourceSetLayoutV2
 
@@ -240,4 +239,13 @@ object KotlinToolingDiagnostics {
             """.trimIndent()
         )
     }
+
+    object NoKotlinTargetsDeclared : ToolingDiagnosticFactory(ERROR) {
+        operator fun invoke(projectName: String, projectPath: String) = build(
+            """
+                Please initialize at least one Kotlin target in '${projectName} (${projectPath})'.
+                Read more https://kotl.in/set-up-targets
+            """.trimIndent()
+        )
+    }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/checkers/NoKotlinTargetsDeclaredChecker.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/checkers/NoKotlinTargetsDeclaredChecker.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..17fb06d864d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/common/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/plugin/diagnostics/checkers/NoKotlinTargetsDeclaredChecker.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2010-2023 JetBrains s.r.o. and Kotlin Programming Language contributors.
+ * Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
+ */
+
+package org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.checkers
+
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.KotlinGradleProjectChecker
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.KotlinGradleProjectCheckerContext
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.KotlinToolingDiagnostics
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.KotlinToolingDiagnosticsCollector
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.KotlinMetadataTarget
+
+internal object NoKotlinTargetsDeclaredChecker : KotlinGradleProjectChecker {
+    override suspend fun KotlinGradleProjectCheckerContext.runChecks(collector: KotlinToolingDiagnosticsCollector) {
+        val isNoTargetsInitialized = (multiplatformExtension ?: return).awaitTargets().none { it !is KotlinMetadataTarget }
+
+        if (isNoTargetsInitialized) {
+            collector.report(project, KotlinToolingDiagnostics.NoKotlinTargetsDeclared(project.name, project.path))
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/unitTests/diagnosticsTests/MppDiagnosticsFunctionalTest.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/unitTests/diagnosticsTests/MppDiagnosticsFunctionalTest.kt
index aa8d88f93b4..ee5f2fd6249 100644
--- a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/unitTests/diagnosticsTests/MppDiagnosticsFunctionalTest.kt
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/unitTests/diagnosticsTests/MppDiagnosticsFunctionalTest.kt
@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@
 
 package org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.unitTests.diagnosticsTests
 
+import org.gradle.api.InvalidUserCodeException
 import org.gradle.api.attributes.Attribute
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.diagnostics.KotlinToolingDiagnostics
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.plugin.mpp.KotlinJvmWithJavaTargetPreset
 import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.util.*
 import org.junit.Test
+import kotlin.jvm.Throws
+import kotlin.test.assertTrue
 
 class MppDiagnosticsFunctionalTest {
 
@@ -152,4 +156,11 @@ class MppDiagnosticsFunctionalTest {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNoTargetsDeclared() {
+        checkDiagnosticsWithMppProject("noTargetsDeclared") {
+            kotlin { }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/resources/expectedDiagnostics/noTargetsDeclared.txt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/resources/expectedDiagnostics/noTargetsDeclared.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b0e7d66b867
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/functionalTest/resources/expectedDiagnostics/noTargetsDeclared.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[NoKotlinTargetsDeclared | ERROR] Please initialize at least one Kotlin target in 'noTargetsDeclared (:)'.
+Read more https://kotl.in/set-up-targets
+----
+[UnusedSourceSetsWarning | WARNING] The following Kotlin source sets were configured but not added to any Kotlin compilation:
+ * commonMain
+ * commonTest
+You can add a source set to a target's compilation by connecting it with the compilation's default source set using 'dependsOn'.
+See https://kotl.in/connecting-source-sets