K2: Imitate K1 behavior for case of captured types with a raw supertype

See the comments in the code, but mostly the motivation is that once
it was decided to stick with such a legacy thing as raw types,
we are ok with some corner-cases hacks for them
(if there are not too many of them) and they don't break anything
when there are no raw types in the code.

^KT-56616 Fixed

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/j+k/rawTypesFromCaptured.fir.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// ISSUE: KT-56616
+
+// FILE: StubElement.java
+
+public interface StubElement<T> {
+    <E> E bar(E v);
+}
+
+// FILE: StubBasedPsiElement.java
+
+public interface StubBasedPsiElement<T extends StubElement> {
+    T foo1();
+
+    StubElement foo2();
+}
+
+// FILE: test.kt
+
+fun StubBasedPsiElement<*>.foo(): String? {
+    if ("".hashCode() == 0) {
+        return foo1().bar("")
+    }
+
+    return <!RETURN_TYPE_MISMATCH!>foo2().bar("")<!>
+}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/j+k/rawTypesFromCaptured.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// ISSUE: KT-56616
+
+// FILE: StubElement.java
+
+public interface StubElement<T> {
+    <E> E bar(E v);
+}
+
+// FILE: StubBasedPsiElement.java
+
+public interface StubBasedPsiElement<T extends StubElement> {
+    T foo1();
+
+    StubElement foo2();
+}
+
+// FILE: test.kt
+
+fun StubBasedPsiElement<*>.foo(): String? {
+    if ("".hashCode() == 0) {
+        return foo1().bar("")
+    }
+
+    return <!TYPE_MISMATCH!>foo2().<!TYPE_MISMATCH!>bar("")<!><!>
+}

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/j+k/rawTypesFromCapturedOriginal.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// FIR_IDENTICAL
+// WITH_STDLIB
+// ISSUE: KT-56616
+
+// FILE: StubElement.java
+
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+public interface StubElement<T extends PsiElement> {
+    <E extends PsiElement> E @NotNull [] getChildrenByType(@NotNull String filter, final E[] array);
+}
+
+// FILE: PsiElement.java
+
+public interface PsiElement
+
+// FILE: StubBasedPsiElement.java
+
+public interface StubBasedPsiElement<Stub extends StubElement> extends PsiElement {
+    Stub getStub();
+}
+
+// FILE: test.kt
+
+private val STRING_TEMPLATE_EMPTY_ARRAY = emptyArray<KtStringTemplateExpression>()
+
+open class KtStringTemplateExpression : PsiElement
+
+fun StubBasedPsiElement<*>.foo(): KtStringTemplateExpression? {
+    stub?.let {
+        // K1: Array<KtStringTemplateExpression>, was K2: Array<PsiElement>
+        val expressions = it.getChildrenByType("", STRING_TEMPLATE_EMPTY_ARRAY)
+        // Ok in K1, Should not be error in K2
+        return expressions.firstOrNull()
+    }
+    return null
+}