[FIR] Handle protected effective visibility relation properly

#KT-38401 Fixed

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/exposed/protectedJava.fir.kt

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ public abstract class Outer {
 
 class OuterDerived: Outer() {
     // valid, My has better visibility
-    protected class His: <!EXPOSED_SUPER_CLASS!>Outer.My<!>()
+    protected class His: Outer.My()
     // valid, My and Your have better visibility
     override fun <!EXPOSED_FUNCTION_RETURN_TYPE!>foo<!>(<!EXPOSED_PARAMETER_TYPE!>my: Outer.My<!>) = Outer.Your()
 }