K2: fix handling of synthetic calls in delegate inference

This commit is intended to avoid the second resolve of delegate when
we need to consider provideDelegate() possibility in inference.
Also here we provide correct completion of synthetic calls during
delegate inference.

#KT-58013 Fixed

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/delegatedProperty/inference/tryInGenerated.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// FIR_IDENTICAL
+// ISSUE: KT-58013 (related)
+// WITH_REFLECT
+// FIR_DUMP
+
+import kotlin.reflect.KProperty
+
+data class Ref<D>(val t: D)
+
+operator fun <V> Ref<V>.getValue(hisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): V = this.t
+
+fun <E> List<Ref<*>>.getElement(i: Int): Ref<E> = this[i] <!UNCHECKED_CAST!>as Ref<E><!>
+
+fun test(list: List<Ref<*>>) {
+    val data: String by try { list.getElement(0) } finally {}
+}