Provide additional information about missing supertypes

Add -X flag to report extra compiler diagnostics which migth break compatibility.
Use the flag to unconditionally check constructors without fear of
prematurely evaluating lazy supertypes.

KT-19234
KT-42404
KT-44583

compiler/tests/org/jetbrains/kotlin/jvm/compiler/CompileKotlinAgainstCustomBinariesTest.kt

@@ -229,6 +229,14 @@ class CompileKotlinAgainstCustomBinariesTest : AbstractKotlinCompilerIntegration
         doTestBrokenLibrary("library", "test/Super.class")
     }
 
+    fun testIncompleteHierarchyWithExtendedCompilerChecks() {
+        doTestBrokenLibrary(
+            "library",
+            "test/Super.class",
+            additionalOptions = listOf("-Xextended-compiler-checks"),
+        )
+    }
+
     fun testIncompleteHierarchyErrorPositions() {
         doTestBrokenLibrary("library", "test/Super.class")
     }