NI: Improve postponed arguments analysis

Introduce seven stages:
1) Analyze postponed arguments with fixed parameter types
2) Collect parameter types from constraints and lambda parameters' declaration
3) Fix not postponed variables for parameter types of all postponed arguments
4) Create atoms with revised expected types if needed
5) Analyze the first ready postponed argument and rerun stages if it has been analyzed
6) Force fixation remaining type variables: fix if possible or report not enough information
7) Force analysis remaining not analyzed postponed arguments and rerun stages if there are

^KT-37952 Fixed
^KT-32156 Fixed
^KT-37249 Fixed
^KT-37341 Fixed

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/inference/completion/postponedArgumentsAnalysis/basic.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+package
+
+public fun </*0*/ K> id(/*0*/ x: K): K
+public fun </*0*/ K> id1(/*0*/ x: K): K
+public fun </*0*/ L> id2(/*0*/ x: L): L
+public fun </*0*/ T> select(/*0*/ vararg x: T /*kotlin.Array<out T>*/): T
+public fun </*0*/ T : (A) -> kotlin.Unit> selectA(/*0*/ arg1: T, /*1*/ arg2: T, /*2*/ arg3: T): T
+public fun </*0*/ T : (B) -> kotlin.Unit> selectB(/*0*/ arg1: T, /*1*/ arg2: T, /*2*/ arg3: T): T
+public fun </*0*/ T : (C) -> kotlin.Unit> selectC(/*0*/ arg1: T, /*1*/ arg2: T, /*2*/ arg3: T): T
+public fun </*0*/ T : (kotlin.Float) -> kotlin.Unit> selectFloat(/*0*/ arg1: T, /*1*/ arg2: T, /*2*/ arg3: T): T
+public fun </*0*/ T : (kotlin.Number) -> kotlin.Unit> selectNumber(/*0*/ arg1: T, /*1*/ arg2: T, /*2*/ arg3: T): T
+public fun </*0*/ T> selectWithInv(/*0*/ x: T, /*1*/ y: Inv<T>): T
+public fun </*0*/ T> takeDependentLambdas(/*0*/ x: (T) -> kotlin.Int, /*1*/ y: (kotlin.Int) -> T): kotlin.Unit
+public fun takeInt(/*0*/ i: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Unit
+public fun </*0*/ T, /*1*/ R> takeInterdependentLambdas(/*0*/ x: (T) -> R, /*1*/ y: (R) -> T): kotlin.Unit
+public fun </*0*/ T> takeLambdas(/*0*/ vararg x: (T) -> kotlin.Unit /*kotlin.Array<out (T) -> kotlin.Unit>*/): (T) -> kotlin.Unit
+public fun </*0*/ T : R, /*1*/ R : L, /*2*/ L> takeLambdasWithDirectlyDependentTypeParameters(/*0*/ x: (T) -> kotlin.Unit, /*1*/ y: (R) -> kotlin.Unit, /*2*/ z: (L) -> kotlin.Unit): (T) -> kotlin.Unit
+public fun </*0*/ T, /*1*/ R : T, /*2*/ L : R> takeLambdasWithInverselyDependentTypeParameters(/*0*/ x: (T) -> kotlin.Unit, /*1*/ y: (R) -> kotlin.Unit, /*2*/ z: (L) -> kotlin.Unit): (T) -> kotlin.Unit
+public fun takeNumber(/*0*/ i: kotlin.Number): kotlin.Unit
+public fun test1(): kotlin.Unit
+public fun withOverload(/*0*/ i: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Unit
+public fun withOverload(/*0*/ s: kotlin.String): kotlin.Unit
+
+public interface A {
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+public final class A2 : (kotlin.Int, kotlin.String, kotlin.Float) -> kotlin.Float {
+    public constructor A2()
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ fun invoke(/*0*/ p1: kotlin.Int, /*1*/ p2: kotlin.String, /*2*/ p3: kotlin.Float): kotlin.Float
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+public final class A3 : kotlin.reflect.KFunction1<kotlin.Number, kotlin.String> {
+    public constructor A3()
+    public open override /*1*/ val name: kotlin.String
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public final fun foo1(/*0*/ x: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Unit
+    public final fun foo1(/*0*/ x: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Unit
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ fun invoke(/*0*/ p1: kotlin.Number): kotlin.String
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+
+    public companion object Companion {
+        private constructor Companion()
+        public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+        public final fun foo2(/*0*/ x: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Unit
+        public final fun foo2(/*0*/ x: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Unit
+        public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+        public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+    }
+}
+
+public final class A4 : (kotlin.Int) -> kotlin.Float {
+    public constructor A4()
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ fun invoke(/*0*/ p1: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Float
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+public final class A5</*0*/ K, /*1*/ Q> : (K, Q) -> kotlin.Float {
+    public constructor A5</*0*/ K, /*1*/ Q>()
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ fun invoke(/*0*/ p1: K, /*1*/ p2: Q): kotlin.Float
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+public final class B : A {
+    public constructor B()
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+public final class C : A {
+    public constructor C()
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}
+
+public final class Inv</*0*/ T> {
+    public constructor Inv</*0*/ T>(/*0*/ x: T)
+    public final val x: T
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun equals(/*0*/ other: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun hashCode(): kotlin.Int
+    public open override /*1*/ /*fake_override*/ fun toString(): kotlin.String
+}