[K/N] Added test for checking C callback set with Kotlin function throwing exception

kotlin-native/backend.native/tests/interop/exceptions/cCallback.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+extern "C" void runAndCatch(void(*f)(void)) {
+    try {
+        f();
+    } catch (...) {
+        printf("CATCH IN C++!\n");
+    }
+}