FIR: Rework bare types support

^KT-48305 Fixed

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/cast/bare/FromErrorType.fir.kt

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
 class G<T>
 
 fun foo(p: <!UNRESOLVED_REFERENCE!>P<!>) {
-    val v = p as G?
-    checkSubtype<G<*>>(<!ARGUMENT_TYPE_MISMATCH!>v!!<!>)
+    val v = p as <!NO_TYPE_ARGUMENTS_ON_RHS!>G?<!>
+    checkSubtype<G<*>>(v!!)
 }

compiler/testData/diagnostics/tests/cast/bare/SupertypeChain.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// FIR_IDENTICAL
+// SKIP_TXT
+abstract class Parent<K>
+abstract class DefaultParent<K, X> : Parent<K>()
+abstract class TableDerived<K : A> : DefaultParent<K, Int>() {
+    fun bar(): K = TODO()
+}
+
+interface A {}
+interface B : A { fun b() }
+
+fun foo(): Parent<out B> = TODO()
+
+fun main() {
+    val w = foo() as? TableDerived ?: return
+    w.bar().b()
+}