diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/NewMultiplatformIT.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/NewMultiplatformIT.kt
index 57a5ddcb4ea..14010fca230 100644
--- a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/NewMultiplatformIT.kt
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin-integration-tests/src/test/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/NewMultiplatformIT.kt
@@ -2107,13 +2107,13 @@ class NewMultiplatformIT : BaseGradleIT() {
         fun testDependencies() = testResolveAllConfigurations("app") {
             assertContains(">> :app:testNonTransitiveStringNotationApiDependenciesMetadata --> junit-4.12.jar")
             assertEquals(
-                2, // the dependency above and stdlib
+                1,
                 (Regex.escape(">> :app:testNonTransitiveStringNotationApiDependenciesMetadata") + " .*").toRegex().findAll(output).count()
             )
 
             assertContains(">> :app:testNonTransitiveDependencyNotationApiDependenciesMetadata --> kotlin-reflect-${defaultBuildOptions().kotlinVersion}.jar")
             assertEquals(
-                2, // the dependency above and stdlib
+                1,
                 (Regex.escape(">> :app:testNonTransitiveStringNotationApiDependenciesMetadata") + " .*").toRegex().findAll(output).count()
             )
 
diff --git a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/main/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/internal/KotlinDependenciesManagement.kt b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/main/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/internal/KotlinDependenciesManagement.kt
index 949a321ae58..ee514ddd019 100644
--- a/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/main/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/internal/KotlinDependenciesManagement.kt
+++ b/libraries/tools/kotlin-gradle-plugin/src/main/kotlin/org/jetbrains/kotlin/gradle/internal/KotlinDependenciesManagement.kt
@@ -99,10 +99,14 @@ private fun chooseAndAddStdlibDependency(
 
     val compilations = CompilationSourceSetUtil.compilationsBySourceSets(project).getValue(kotlinSourceSet)
         .filter { it.target !is KotlinMetadataTarget }
+
+    if (compilations.isEmpty())
+    // source set doesn't take part in any compilation; prohibit this in the future; also, this caused KT-40559 in Android libraries
+        return
+
     val platformTypes = compilations.mapTo(mutableSetOf()) { it.platformType }
 
     val sourceSetStdlibPlatformType = when {
-        platformTypes.isEmpty() -> KotlinPlatformType.common
         platformTypes.size == 1 -> platformTypes.single()
         setOf(KotlinPlatformType.jvm, KotlinPlatformType.androidJvm).containsAll(platformTypes) -> KotlinPlatformType.jvm
         else -> KotlinPlatformType.common