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<header id="title-block-header">
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<h1 class="title">B.3 <code>python_ta</code></h1>
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</header>
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<section>
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<p>PythonTA is a Python program that analyses Python code to help students find and fix common coding and style errors. Unlike testing libraries like <code>doctest</code> or <code>pytest</code>, PythonTA does not actually run your code. Instead, it analyzes the program text directly, looking for common patterns of code that oftne lead to errors.<label for="sn-0" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-0" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">PyCharm does something very similar, which is why you’ll see red or yellow highlighted text in your Python files as you’re working, before running the file.</span></p>
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<h2 id="running-pythonta">Running PythonTA</h2>
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<p>To run PythonTA on a Python file, put the following code at the bottom of the file you want to check:</p>
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<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> <span class="va">__name__</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">'__main__'</span>:</span>
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<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2"></a> <span class="im">import</span> python_ta</span>
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<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3"></a> python_ta.check_all()</span></code></pre></div>
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<p>When you run this file, you’ll see a report open up in your web browser that shows any errors that PythonTA detected. These errors are divided into two broad categories:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Code Errors or Forbidden Usage: you should fix these immediately, as they point out logical errors in your code, or a part of your code that is using some feature that is not allowed for your current assignment.</li>
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<li>Style or Convention Errors: these identify ways to improve the formatting and design of your Python code. Fixing these is a lower priority, but you should still fix them before your final submission.<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote"> Tip: In PyCharm, you can go to the menu Code -> Reformat File… to automatically fix common style errors in your current file.</span></li>
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</ul>
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<p>We recommend running PythonTA regularly as you’re working on an assignment, as it can be a useful way to check your work and improve the quality of your code. If you’re ever stuck, try taking a break and running PythonTA and fixing any errors it finds for you! This is a way to develop good programming habits and style, which will come in handy in this course (and all future courses).</p>
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<h3 id="cleaning-up">Cleaning up</h3>
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<p>When you run PythonTA, it generates a new report file called <code>pyta_report.html</code> in the same folder as the file you’re checking. After you’re done running PythonTA, you can safely delete this report file.</p>
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<h2 id="checking-contracts-using-pythonta">Checking contracts using PythonTA</h2>
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</section>
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<footer>
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<a href="https://www.teach.cs.toronto.edu/~csc110y/fall/notes/">CSC110 Course Notes Home</a>
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</footer>
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